{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T13:50:43Z","timestamp":1752673843686,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CESPU, CRL","award":["AlignAgen-GI2-CESPU-2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AlignAgen-GI2-CESPU-2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objectives\u2003Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA), treated orthodontically by space opening, requires complimentary aesthetic rehabilitation. Resin-bonded bridges (RBBs) can be equated as interim rehabilitation until skeletal maturity is achieved to place an implant-supported crown or as definitive rehabilitation in case of financial restrictions or implant contraindications. Scientific evidence of the best material must be confirmed in specific clinical situations. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD\/CAM) materials are promising versatile restorative options. This study aimed to identify a straightforward material to deliver interim or definitive RBBs for nonprepared tooth replacement in MLIA.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003Single-retainer RBB made from CAD\/CAM ceramic blocks (Vita Enamic [ENA], Suprinity [SUP], and zirconia [Y-ZPT]) and a three-dimensional (3D) printed material (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene [ABS]) were evaluated by shear bond strength (SBS) and mode of failure, after adherence to an artificial tooth with RelyX Ultimate used in a three-step adhesive strategy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Statistical Analysis\u2003The load to fracture (N) was recorded, and the mean shear stress (MPa) was calculated with standard deviations (SD) for each group and compared between materials using boxplot graphics. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey\u2013Kramer post hoc test was used to compare the differences (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05). A meta-analysis focusing on CAD\/CAM materials evaluated the magnitude of the difference between groups based on differences in means and effect sizes (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]; Z-value\u2009=\u20091.96). Failure mode was determined by microscopic observation and correlated with the maximum load to fracture of the specimen.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD SBS values were ENA (24.24\u2009\u00b1\u20099.05 MPa)\u2009&lt;\u2009ABS (24.01\u2009\u00b1\u20091.94 MPa)\u2009&lt;\u2009SUP (29.17\u2009\u00b1\u20094.78 MPa)\u2009&lt;\u2009Y-ZPT (37.43\u2009\u00b1\u200912.20 MPa). The failure modes were mainly adhesive for Y-ZPT, cohesive for SUP and ENA, and cohesive with plastic deformation for ABS.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Vita Enamic, Suprinity, Y-ZPT zirconia, and 3D-printed ABS RBBs are optional materials for rehabilitating MLIA. The option for each material is conditioned to estimate the time of use and necessity of removal for orthodontic or surgical techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1776335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T00:24:27Z","timestamp":1703895867000},"page":"796-807","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Shear Bond Strength of Simulated Single-Retainer Resin-Bonded Bridges Made of Four CAD\/CAM Materials for Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis Rehabilitation"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1692-9108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Calheiros-Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"Conservative Dentistry, Department of Dental Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS(IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o M\u00e1rio","family":"Calheiros-Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Prosthetist, Private Prosthesis Laboratory, S\u00e3o Mamede Infesta, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Carbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEGI - Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas F. M.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEGI - Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Institute of Innovation and Investigation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-022-00451-2","article-title":"Non-syndromic hypodontia of maxillary lateral incisors and its association with other dental anomalies","volume":"23","author":"G M Lupinetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2011.07.005","article-title":"Craniofacial repercussions in maxillary lateral incisors agenesis","volume":"9","author":"T Pinho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Orthod"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2020.03.006","article-title":"Growth differences in patients with dental agenesis, how its location impacts facial morphology","volume":"15","author":"J R Herrera-Atoche","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3390\/dj11040105","article-title":"Esthetic perception of different clinical situations of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis according to populations with dental and non-dental backgrounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"M J Calheiros-Lobo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dent J"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.14295\/bds.2019.v22i2.1710","article-title":"Dentists' preferences in the treatment of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"22","author":"N AM Abdulrahman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Braz Dent Sci"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2019.04.011","article-title":"Dental implants in growing patients: a systematic review","volume":"57","author":"L Bohner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.17796\/1053-4625-43.2.1","article-title":"Adverse effects of implants in children and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"R Kamatham","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.2186\/jpr.JPR_D_20_00014","article-title":"Clinical outcome of metal- and all-ceramic resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses","volume":"65","author":"N U Zitzmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prosthodont Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12566","article-title":"Materials in digital dentistry: a review","volume":"32","author":"T A Sulaiman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2017.497","article-title":"Predictability of resin bonded bridges: a systematic review","volume":"222","author":"G R Balasubramaniam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref12","first-page":"512","article-title":"Zirconia and its novel compositions: what do clinicians need to know?","volume":"50","author":"J F G\u00fcth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2095","article-title":"Adhesive bonding to computer-aided design\/ computer-aided manufacturing esthetic dental materials: an overview","volume":"18","author":"M M Awad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14071592","article-title":"Review on polymer, ceramic and composite materials for CAD\/CAM indirect restorations in dentistry-application, mechanical characteristics and comparison","volume":"14","author":"A Skorulska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2021.01.022","article-title":"Flexural strength and translucency characterization of aesthetic monolithic zirconia and relevance to clinical indications: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"S M Fathy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2018.08.291","article-title":"Evaluating dental zirconia","volume":"35","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14163252","article-title":"On the mechanical properties of hybrid dental materials for CAD\/CAM restorations","volume":"14","author":"T Palacios","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.04.016","article-title":"Mechanical properties of resin-ceramic CAD\/CAM restorative materials","volume":"114","author":"A Awada","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpor.2017.06.001","article-title":"Does artificial aging affect mechanical properties of CAD\/CAM composite materials","volume":"62","author":"F Egilmez","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Prosthodont Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517728714","article-title":"Bonding to CAD-CAM composites: an interfacial fracture toughness approach","volume":"97","author":"M Eldafrawy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings13071218","article-title":"A polymer-infiltrated ceramic as base adherent in an experimental specimen model to test the shear bond strength of CAD-CAM monolithic ceramics used in resin-bonded dental bridges","volume":"13","author":"M J Calheiros-Lobo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"e28","article-title":"Bond strength between a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and a composite for repair: effect of several ceramic surface treatments","volume":"32","author":"P NFD Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16082996","article-title":"Effectiveness of self-adhesive resin luting cement in CAD-CAM blocks-a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"M J Calheiros-Lobo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2021.103661","article-title":"Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) mechanical and biological properties: a literature review","volume":"109","author":"F Zarone","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12389","article-title":"Clinical procedures, designs, and survival rates of all-ceramic resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses in the anterior region: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"E Tezulas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13091499","article-title":"Polymer 3D printing review: materials, process, and design strategies for medical applications","volume":"13","author":"A ME Arefin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7131","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15207131","article-title":"Aspects and principles of material connections in restorative dentistry: a comprehensive review","volume":"15","author":"Z Raszewski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2009.11.157","article-title":"A review of adhesion science","volume":"26","author":"S J Marshall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref29","first-page":"289","article-title":"Bonding effectiveness of luting composites to different CAD\/CAM materials","volume":"18","author":"M Peumans","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Adhes Dent"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12179","article-title":"Restoring congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors using zirconia-based resin bonded prostheses","volume":"28","author":"A Stylianou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510391795","article-title":"Performance of dental ceramics: challenges for improvements","volume":"90","author":"E D Rekow","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13255","article-title":"Effect of 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate concentrations in primers on bonding resin cements to zirconia","volume":"30","author":"K Yoshida","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2019.12.017","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of methods for bonding to zirconia: a systematic review","volume":"125","author":"N P Quigley","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10110208","article-title":"Update on dental luting materials","volume":"10","author":"G K Leung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent J"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.59043","article-title":"Bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to dentin using different adhesion protocols","volume":"14","author":"L R Junior","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0838-x","article-title":"Current status on lithium disilicate and zirconia: a narrative review","volume":"19","author":"F Zarone","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12431","article-title":"Five-year success rate of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"I A Alraheam","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12945","article-title":"CAD\/CAM single-retainer monolithic zirconia ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial dentures bonded with two different resin cements: up to 40 months clinical results of a randomized-controlled pilot study","volume":"34","author":"H Bilir","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14020108","article-title":"Structural integrity of anterior ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial denture: a finite element analysis study","volume":"14","author":"M LM Osman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Funct Biomater"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2017.01.028","article-title":"A load-to-fracture and strain analysis of monolithic zirconia cantilevered frameworks","volume":"118","author":"F A Alshahrani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2017.07.003","article-title":"Ten-year outcome of zirconia ceramic cantilever resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses and the influence of the reasons for missing incisors","volume":"65","author":"M Kern","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1108\/RPJ-09-2015-0122","article-title":"Effect of build orientation on the mechanical reliability of 3D printed ABS","volume":"23","author":"\u00d6 Kele\u015f","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rapid Prototyping J"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-019-04534-z","article-title":"A review on 3D printed matrix polymer composites: its potential and future challenges","volume":"106","author":"J Saroia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2011.06.019","article-title":"Relationship between maximal bite force and tooth wear in bruxist and non-bruxist individuals","volume":"56","author":"D D\u0131ra\u00e7o\u011flu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2022.08.009","article-title":"Effect of various malocclusion on maximal bite force: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"H Kaur","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-022-00750-4","article-title":"Relationship between age and occlusal force in adults with natural dentition","volume":"111","author":"H Shiga","year":"2023","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.03.040","article-title":"Bite forces and their resultants during forceful intercuspal clenching in humans","volume":"42","author":"Y Hattori","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref48","first-page":"39","article-title":"Bite force of children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"P Jayakumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13096","article-title":"Reliability and validity of T-scan and 3D intraoral scanning for measuring the occlusal contact area","volume":"29","author":"R Ayuso-Montero","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2020.1830662","article-title":"Comparison of occlusal bite force distribution in subjects with different occlusal characteristics","volume":"41","author":"K A Turkistani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3390\/dj11010018","article-title":"State of the art of different zirconia materials and their indications according to evidence-based clinical performance: a narrative review","volume":"11","author":"A M Arellano Moncayo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dent J"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12086","article-title":"Minimally invasive preparation and design of a cantilevered, all-ceramic, resin-bonded, fixed partial denture in the esthetic zone: a case report and descriptive review","volume":"26","author":"C A Barwacz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2016.11.003","article-title":"Fifteen-year survival of anterior all-ceramic cantilever resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses","volume":"56","author":"M Kern","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13007","article-title":"A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses after a mean observation period of at least 5 years","volume":"28","author":"D S Thoma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12555","article-title":"Anterior cantilever resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses: a review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"B Mourshed","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776335.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T14:47:26Z","timestamp":1730818046000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1776335"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776335","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1305-7456","1305-7464"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1305-7456"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1305-7464"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]}}}