{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:33:27Z","timestamp":1792035207634,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":61,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Avicenna J Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Esophageal varices are a common complication of portal hypertension and variceal bleeding can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hospitalized patients with cirrhosis might require nasoenteric tube (NET) placement, commonly for nutritional support and\/or medication administration. However, the fear of causing massive variceal bleeding among clinicians might lead to hesitancy or complete avoidance of NET placement in patients who either have a known history of esophageal varices or are at risk to have them. Several experts and society guidelines addressed this concern with variable recommendations and degrees of evidence. In this article, we present an extensive review of the literature and latest society guidelines that address the safety of NET placement in patients with esophageal varices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1776338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T00:13:46Z","timestamp":1701476026000},"page":"193-198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Nasoenteric Tube Placement in Patients with Esophageal Varices: A Review of the Current Evidence and Society Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Osama","family":"Qasim Agha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Alsayid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"},{"name":"Center for Liver and Hepatobiliary Disease, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"07","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2000.00778.x","article-title":"Review article: primary prophylaxis for portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"J Vlachogiannakos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"S 03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S305","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318150d3c6","article-title":"Preventing first variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis","volume":"41","author":"A Albillos","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.10.018","article-title":"A MELD-based model to determine risk of mortality among patients with acute variceal bleeding","volume":"146","author":"E Reverter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2012.6.4.476","article-title":"Changes in the clinical outcomes of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients: a 10-year experience in Gangwon province, South Korea","volume":"6","author":"Y D Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.137489","article-title":"Predictors of early re-bleeding and mortality after acute variceal haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"57","author":"K Bambha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.469","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: alcoholic liver disease","volume":"113","author":"A K Singal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2006.12.005","article-title":"ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: liver disease - 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