{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T06:20:43Z","timestamp":1770272443493,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sleep Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003The objective of the present study was to find biomechanical correlates of single-task gait and self-reported sleep quality in a healthy, young population by replicating a recently published study.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003Young adults (n\u2009=\u2009123) were recruited and were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory to assess sleep quality. Gait variables (n\u2009=\u200953) were recorded using a wearable inertial measurement sensor system on an indoor track. The data were split into training and test sets and then different machine learning models were applied. A post-hoc analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find statistically significant differences in gait variables between good and poor sleepers.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003AdaBoost models reported the highest correlation coefficient (0.77), with Support-Vector classifiers reporting the highest accuracy (62%). The most important features associated with poor sleep quality related to pelvic tilt and gait initiation. This indicates that overall poor sleepers have decreased pelvic tilt angle changes, specifically when initiating gait coming out of turns (first step pelvic tilt angle) and demonstrate difficulty maintaining gait speed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Discussion\u2003The results of the present study indicate that when using traditional gait variables, single-task gait has poor accuracy prediction for subjective sleep quality in young adults. Although the associations in the study are not as strong as those previously reported, they do provide insight into how gait varies in individuals who report poor sleep hygiene. Future studies should use larger samples to determine whether single task-gait may help predict objective measures of sleep quality especially in a repeated measures or longitudinal or intervention framework.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1776748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T23:32:03Z","timestamp":1700695923000},"page":"e399-e407","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association between Self-reported Sleep Quality and Single-task Gait in Young Adults: A Study Using Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8579-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, Sports Medicine Assessment Research & Testing (SMART) Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haikun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, Sports Medicine Assessment Research & Testing (SMART) Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lap-Fai","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Hanover College, Hanover, IN, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chelsea","family":"Yager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Joseph's Hospital Health Center, Syracuse, NY, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Boolani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States of America"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States of America"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public Health Problem [Internet]","author":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S163071","article-title":"Sleeping hours: what is the ideal number and how does age impact this?","volume":"10","author":"J P Chaput","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Sci Sleep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2015.08.004","article-title":"Has adult sleep duration declined over the last 50+ years?","volume":"28","author":"S D Youngstedt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzx057","article-title":"Sleep Health Promotion: Practical Information for Physical Therapists","volume":"97","author":"C F Siengsukon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-867080","article-title":"Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation","volume":"25","author":"J S Durmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1063-z","article-title":"Effects of walking speed on gait biomechanics in healthy participants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"C A Fukuchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1159\/000445831","article-title":"The Impact of Mild Cognitive Impairment on Gait and Balance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies Using Instrumented Assessment","volume":"63","author":"L Bahureksa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref8","first-page":"215","article-title":"[Gait and dual-task: definition, interest, and perspectives in the elderly]","volume":"4","author":"O Beauchet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000499737","article-title":"Examining Relationships between Multiple Self-Reported Sleep Measures and Gait Domains in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults","volume":"66","author":"J PK Bernstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.10.1317","article-title":"Poor sleep is associated with poorer physical performance and greater functional limitations in older women","volume":"30","author":"S E Goldman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2016.06.016","article-title":"Sleep quality is associated with walking under dual-task, but not single-task performance","volume":"49","author":"M Agmon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2017.02.016","article-title":"Impact of cognitive fatigue on gait and sway among older adults: A literature review","volume":"6","author":"S Grobe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1159\/000350031","article-title":"The relationship between executive function and falls and gait abnormalities in older adults: a systematic review","volume":"36","author":"F C Kearney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0223012","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0223012","article-title":"Gait can reveal sleep quality with machine learning models","volume":"14","author":"X Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518793657","article-title":"Is there a pathological gait associated with common soft tissue running injuries?","volume":"46","author":"C Bramah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5939164","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5939164","article-title":"Spatiotemporal gait parameters as predictors of lower-limb overuse injuries in military training","volume":"2016","author":"S Springer","year":"2016","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.02.001","article-title":"Summary measures for clinical gait analysis: a literature review","volume":"39","author":"V Cimolin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.03.027","article-title":"Efficacy of clinical gait analysis: A systematic review","volume":"34","author":"T AL Wren","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"D J Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2015.01.009","article-title":"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index as a screening tool for sleep dysfunction in clinical and non-clinical samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"T Mollayeva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2740945","article-title":"Feasibility and Validity of Discriminating Yaw Plane Head-on-Trunk Motion Using Inertial Wearable Sensors","volume":"25","author":"S S Paul","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.07.026","article-title":"Automated gait and balance parameters diagnose and correlate with severity in Parkinson disease","volume":"345","author":"D C Dewey","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12934","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69667-8","article-title":"Detrended fluctuation analysis of gait dynamics when entraining to music and metronomes at different tempi in persons with multiple sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"L Moumdjian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref24","first-page":"007","article-title":"Mobility Lab to Assess Balance and Gait with Synchronized Body-worn Sensors","author":"M Mancini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bioeng Biomed Sci"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref25","first-page":"4102","article-title":"Review of data preprocessing techniques in data mining","volume":"12","author":"S A Alasadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Eng Appl Sci (Asian Res Publ Netw)"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11040375","article-title":"Estimation of poverty using random forest regression with multi-source data: A case study in Bangladesh","volume":"11","author":"X Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"ref27","volume-title":"Education Institute I, Center RLANR, Service RLANRCP, Department RLANRCPT. Observational Gait Analysis [Internet]","author":"L A Research","year":"2001"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-012-0697-y","article-title":"Accelerometry reveals differences in gait variability between patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls","volume":"41","author":"J M Huisinga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.11.026","article-title":"Body-worn motion sensors detect balance and gait deficits in people with multiple sclerosis who have normal walking speed","volume":"35","author":"R I Spain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.09.023","article-title":"Hip joint biomechanics during gait in people with and without symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement","volume":"43","author":"L E Diamond","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1515\/hukin-2015-0168","article-title":"Relationships between movements of the lower limb joints and the pelvis in open and closed kinematic chains during a gait cycle","volume":"51","author":"Z Svoboda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hum Kinet"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.02.020","article-title":"Reducing gait speed affects axial coordination of walking turns","volume":"54","author":"C Forsell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6050","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the PSQI in US college students","volume":"12","author":"J R Dietch","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10733","DOI":"10.2196\/10733","article-title":"Clinical Applications of Mobile Health Wearable-Based Sleep Monitoring: Systematic Review","volume":"8","author":"E Guillodo","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(00)00017-0","article-title":"Spatiotemporal gait patterns during over ground locomotion in major depression compared with healthy controls","volume":"34","author":"M R Lemke","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2019.102513","article-title":"Gait, balance, mobility and muscle strength in people with anxiety compared to healthy individuals","volume":"67","author":"R Feldman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21104","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00705-9","article-title":"Sleep deprivation affects gait control","volume":"11","author":"G S Umemura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0163310","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163310","article-title":"Chronic Low Quality Sleep Impairs Postural Control in Healthy Adults","volume":"11","author":"F Furtado","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2016.01.021","article-title":"Age-independent and age-dependent sex differences in gait pattern determined by principal component analysis","volume":"46","author":"Y Kobayashi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gait Posture"}],"container-title":["Sleep Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776748.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T23:32:48Z","timestamp":1700695968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1776748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776748","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1984-0659","1984-0063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1984-0659","type":"print"},{"value":"1984-0063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]}}}