{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T16:17:35Z","timestamp":1740154655182,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Acute facial trauma in motor vehicle accident defects may be associated with skeletal, neuromuscular, or mucosal losses. Simultaneous repair of the critical structures in these defects mandates the use of flap cover; paucity of local tissues necessitates the use of free skin flaps.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003Six free flap reconstructions for acute facial trauma defects over a 10-year period were reviewed. The defect location, associated injuries, flap choice, additional reconstructive procedures, and flap outcomes were analyzed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003There were four males and two females with ages between 18 and 63 years. Four defects were located in the lateral face and scalp, and two in the lower central face. Defect size ranged between 96 and 346\u2009cm2. There were fractures in three, facial nerve injuries in two, and loss of facial muscles in one. Five free flaps were anterolateral thigh flap; simple and composite, one was a radial artery forearm flap. Recipient pedicles were the superficial temporal vessels in two and facial vessels in four cases. There were no re-explorations but one flap necrosed on 7th postoperative day on account of invasive aspergillosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Discussion\u2003Use of free flaps for ballistic wounds is common. In uncommon nonballistic traumatic facial defects, the location, nature of the defect, and type of associated injuries and need for simultaneous reconstructions may dictate the use of free flaps and permit a one stage debridement, flap coverage, and a simultaneous reconstruction of lost functional units.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Free flap coverage in high velocity acute facial trauma defects offers a better possibility for primary reconstruction of associated facial injuries and helps in achieving better functional outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1776896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,25]],"date-time":"2023-11-25T02:09:57Z","timestamp":1700878197000},"page":"488-493","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Primary Free Flaps for Coverage and Reconstruction in Acute Facial Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5860-5178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parvati","family":"Ravula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8822-0945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srikanth","family":"R.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pathan Subhan","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rambabu","family":"Nuvvula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Basavatarakam Cancer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3595-2389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajesh","family":"Yellinedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Basavatarakam Cancer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1700880","article-title":"Role of free tissue transfer in facial trauma","volume":"35","author":"R Y Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"315","volume-title":"Facial soft tissue trauma","author":"J B Collins","year":"2014"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181d4fda5","article-title":"Hemifacial resurfacing with prefabricated induced expanded supraclavicular skin flap","volume":"125","author":"M Topalan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005152","article-title":"Facial resurfacing with prefabricated induced expanded skin flap","volume":"30","author":"D P Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.08.013","article-title":"Definitive management of severe facial trauma utilizing free tissue transfer","volume":"132","author":"N D Futran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck 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Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776896.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T23:49:01Z","timestamp":1702597741000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1776896"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776896","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-0358","1998-376X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0970-0358"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1998-376X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]]}}}