{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T07:12:11Z","timestamp":1776409931931,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wrist Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Purpose\u2003Although indications for four-corner arthrodesis (4CA) and proximal row carpectomy (PRC) are not completely aligned, the surgeon is often tasked with deciding between these options which vary in the surgical technique and complication profile. Patient age is often discussed as a determining factor for treatment; however, outcome data for these procedures are rarely stratified by patient age. Our objective was to perform a systematic review on the age-specific outcomes for 4CA and PRC.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003A PubMed database search for 4CA and PRC was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. The inclusion criteria required individual case reporting of patient age, surgical intervention, and appropriate outcome measures. The data were stratified by procedure and by patients older and younger than 45 years.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Within the 4CA group, the relative risk for a disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score above 30 was 1.94 (95% confidence interval, 1.1\u20133.67) in patients over 45 years compared with patients under 45 years. Within the PRC group, grip strength as a percentage of the contralateral side was higher in the over 45 age group (mean 75%) compared to the under 45 age group (mean 61%) but did not reach the level of significance.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Despite satisfactory results for 4CA in aggregate, the distribution of scores indicates the need for setting expectations when treating younger adult patients with 4CA. The current results demonstrate increased disability based on DASH score following 4CA in patients under 45 years compared with patients over 45 years. Although outcomes were comparable between younger and older adults following PRC, recovery of grip strength may occur less frequently in younger adults.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Level of evidence\u2003IV systematic review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1777672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T23:40:28Z","timestamp":1703288428000},"page":"093-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Age Considerations in Four-Corner Arthrodesis and Proximal Row Carpectomy: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6034-6677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John J.","family":"Heifner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami Orthopaedic Research Foundation, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Karadimas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USF Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"DeVito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Larkin Hospital, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osmanny","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Larkin Hospital, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory P.","family":"Kolovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optim Orthopedics, Savannah, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193414554359","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of proximal row carpectomy versus four-corner arthrodesis for post-traumatic wrist arthropathy: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"B M Saltzman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193408100954","article-title":"Proximal row carpectomy vs four corner fusion for scapholunate (Slac) or scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (Snac) wrists: a systematic review of outcomes","volume":"34","author":"J S Mulford","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002398","article-title":"Four-corner arthrodesis versus proximal row carpectomy for scapholunate advanced collapse: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"85","author":"K M Amer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hansur.2023.03.006","article-title":"Proximal row carpectomy versus four-corner arthrodesis in the treatment of SLAC and SNAC wrist: meta-analysis and literature review","volume":"42","author":"P Reyniers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hand Surg Rehabil"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2015.03.015","article-title":"Wrist salvage procedures alter moment arms of the primary wrist muscles","volume":"30","author":"J A Nichols","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.03.015","article-title":"Proximal row carpectomy and 4-corner arthrodesis in patients younger than age 45 years","volume":"42","author":"E R Wagner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200411000-00001","article-title":"Proximal row carpectomy: study with a minimum of ten years of follow-up","volume":"86","author":"M L DiDonna","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103373","article-title":"Proximal row carpectomy generates better mid- to long-term outcomes than four-corner arthrodesis for post-traumatic wrist arthritis: a meta-analysis","volume":"108","author":"P E Chammas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.09.076","article-title":"The never-ending battle between proximal row carpectomy and four corner arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the final verdict","volume":"75","author":"A R Ahmadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v13.i1.112","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of the four-corner fusion of the wrist: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"O Andronic","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1329547","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of proximal row carpectomy: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"1","author":"H Chim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Wrist Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref12","first-page":"49","article-title":"The comparative performance of radial head prostheses in patients younger than and older than 50 years: a systematic review","volume":"3","author":"J J Heifner","year":"2022","journal-title":"JSES Rev Rep Tech"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"J A Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-2-71","article-title":"Judging the quality of evidence in reviews of prognostic factor research: adapting the GRADE framework","volume":"2","author":"A Huguet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.4893","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand outcome measure (DASH) and its shortened version (QuickDASH)","volume":"44","author":"F Franchignoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hansur.2016.01.003","article-title":"Carpal height and postoperative strength after proximal row carpectomy or four-corner arthrodesis: clinical, anatomical and biomechanical study","volume":"35","author":"P Laronde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hand Surg Rehabil"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193415597096","article-title":"Factors associated with improved outcomes following proximal row carpectomy: a long-term outcome study of 144 patients","volume":"41","author":"E R Wagner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193417718427","article-title":"Four-dimensional rotational radiographic scanning of the wrist in patients after proximal row carpectomy","volume":"42","author":"A Peymani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0078","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.19.00078","article-title":"Surgical treatment of wrist arthritis in young patients","volume":"8","author":"C C Campbell","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716681949","article-title":"Ten-year minimum follow-up of 4-corner fusion for SLAC and SNAC wrist","volume":"12","author":"P Traverso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-014-1488-y","article-title":"Smoking cessation and bone healing: optimal cessation timing","volume":"25","author":"J Truntzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wrist Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1777672.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T23:32:28Z","timestamp":1738279948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1777672"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1777672","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2163-3916","2163-3924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2163-3916","type":"print"},{"value":"2163-3924","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]}}}