{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:10:02Z","timestamp":1783667402200,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Avicenna J Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Conflicting evidence regarding the laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy outcomes in scientific literature impacts the medical decision-making for patients with gallbladder disease. This study aimed to compare a range of primary and secondary outcomes between patients receiving laparoscopic cholecystectomy and those with open intervention.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003Articles published from 1993 to 2023 were explored by utilizing advanced filters of PubMed Central\/Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, JSTOR, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and EBSCO. The gallbladder disease was determined by the presence of one or more of the following conditions: 1) Gangrenous cholecystitis, 2) acute cholecystitis, 3) chronic gallbladder diseases, and 4) cholelithiasis. The primary end-point was mortality, while the secondary outcome included (1) bile leakage, 2) common bile duct injury, 3) gangrene, 4) hospital stay (days), 5) major complications, 6) median hospital stay (days), (7) pneumonia, 8) sick leaves (days), and 9) wound infection.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Statistically significant reductions were observed in mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30, 0.45, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001), mean hospital stay duration (mean difference: \u20132.68, 95% CI: \u20133.66, \u20131.70, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001), major complications (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.64, p\u2009=\u20090.0005), post\/intraoperative wound infection (OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.51, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and sick leaves (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.80, p\u2009=\u20090.01) in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with those with the open intervention. No statistically significant differences were recorded between the study groups for bile leakage, common bile duct injury, gangrene, median hospital stay days, and pneumonia (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2003The pooled outcomes favored the use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy over the open procedure in patients with gallbladder disease. The consolidated findings indicate the higher impact of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in improving patient outcomes, including safety episodes, compared with open cholecystectomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1777710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T23:55:20Z","timestamp":1706831720000},"page":"003-021","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Outcomes of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Compared to the Open Procedure in Patients with Gallbladder Disease"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Debajit Kumar","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, R G Kar Medical College & Hospital, West Bengal University of Health Sciences, RG Kar Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahaman","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1007\/s00534-006-1162-9","article-title":"Unusual cases of acute cholecystitis and cholangitis: Tokyo Guidelines","volume":"14","author":"H Yasuda","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Acute Cholecystitis","author":"M W Jones","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Cholelithiasis","author":"J Tanaja","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"Gallbladder Empyema","author":"S Kashyap","year":"2023"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.9738\/INTSURG-D-13-00222.1","article-title":"Gangrenous cholecystitis: mortality and risk factors","volume":"100","author":"A \u00d6nder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Surg"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","author":"P Rawla","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.14886.1","article-title":"Recent advances in management of acalculous cholecystitis","volume":"7","author":"B Balmadrid","year":"2018","journal-title":"F1000 Res"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i22.2967","article-title":"Benign gallbladder diseases: imaging techniques and tips for differentiating with malignant gallbladder diseases","volume":"26","author":"M H Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref9","first-page":"e27527","article-title":"Tokyo Guidelines (TG18) for acute cholangitis provide improved specificity and accuracy compared to fellow assessment","volume":"14","author":"A Hudgi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref10","first-page":"58","article-title":"The need for standardizing diagnosis, treatment and clinical care of cholecystitis and biliary colic in gallbladder disease","volume":"58","author":"G Doherty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref11","first-page":"148","article-title":"The treatment of gallstone disease","volume":"117","author":"C Gutt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref12","first-page":"CD006231","article-title":"Laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis","author":"F Keus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"46","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17626","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i46.17626","article-title":"Meta-analysis of laparoscopic vs open cholecystectomy in elderly patients","volume":"20","author":"S A Antoniou","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.04.083","article-title":"Open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. 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