{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T22:11:12Z","timestamp":1773267072146,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group (CDHSG) is an international consortium of medical centers actively collecting and voluntarily contributing data pertaining to live born congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients born and\/or managed at their institutions. These data are aggregated to construct a comprehensive registry that participating centers can access to address specific clinical inquiries and track patient outcomes. Since its establishment in 1995, 147 centers have taken part in this initiative, including 53 centers from 17 countries outside the United States, with 95 current active centers across the globe. The registry has amassed data on over 14,000 children, resulting in the creation of over 75 manuscripts based on registry data to date. International, multicenter consortia enable health care professionals managing uncommon, complex, and diverse diseases to formulate evidence-based hypotheses and draw meaningful and generalizable conclusions for clinical inquiries. This review will explore the formation and structure of the CDHSG and its registry, outlining their functions, center participation, and the evolution of data collection. Additionally, we will provide an overview of the evidence generated by the CDHSG, with a particular emphasis on contributions post-2014, and look ahead to the future directions the study group will take in addressing CDH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1778021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T23:46:45Z","timestamp":1705708005000},"page":"162-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The CDH Study Group: Past, Present, and Future"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Kylie I.","family":"Holden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States"},{"name":"Center for Surgical Trials and Evidence-based Practice (CSTEP), University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley H.","family":"Ebanks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States"},{"name":"Center for Surgical Trials and Evidence-based Practice (CSTEP), University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin P.","family":"Lally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States"},{"name":"Center for Surgical Trials and Evidence-based Practice (CSTEP), University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew T.","family":"Harting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States"},{"name":"Center for Surgical Trials and Evidence-based Practice (CSTEP), University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.76.4.488","article-title":"Management of infants with severe respiratory failure and persistence of the fetal circulation, without hyperventilation","volume":"76","author":"J T Wung","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90042-X","article-title":"Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: survival treated with very delayed surgery, spontaneous respiration, and no chest tube","volume":"30","author":"J T Wung","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222207","article-title":"Successful repair in utero of a fetal diaphragmatic hernia after removal of herniated viscera from the left thorax","volume":"322","author":"M R Harrison","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref4","first-page":"266","article-title":"Fetal surgery for congenital diaphragmatic hernia","volume":"5","author":"A W Flake","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510290064038","article-title":"A prospective study of the outcome for fetuses with diaphragmatic hernia","volume":"271","author":"M R Harrison","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2008.02.004","article-title":"The Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group a voluntary international registry","volume":"17","author":"K Tsao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(98)90522-X","article-title":"Current surgical management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a report from the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group","volume":"33","author":"R H Clark","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90363-9","article-title":"Does extracorporeal membrane oxygenation improve survival in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia? 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Perinatol"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"S0022","article-title":"Right versus left congenital diaphragmatic hernia - what's the difference?","author":"C M Burgos","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e413","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3367","article-title":"A clinical prediction rule for the severity of congenital diaphragmatic hernias in newborns","volume":"134","author":"M E Brindle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1159\/000512966","article-title":"Early, postnatal pulmonary hypertension severity predicts inpatient outcomes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia","volume":"118","author":"D M Ferguson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.2023","article-title":"Evaluation of variability in inhaled nitric oxide use and pulmonary hypertension in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia","volume":"170","author":"L R Putnam","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.04.014","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) risk stratification in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)","volume":"53","author":"T Jancelewicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e256","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003928","article-title":"Survival benefit associated with the use of extracorporeal life support for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia","volume":"275","author":"T Jancelewicz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e605","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005706","article-title":"Impact of repeat extracorporeal life support on mortality and short-term in-hospital morbidities in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia","volume":"278","author":"E Danzer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002144","article-title":"Aggressive surgical management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: worth the effort?: A multicenter, prospective, cohort study","volume":"267","author":"M THL Harting","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003386","article-title":"Surgical repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation: early repair improves survival","volume":"274","author":"D T Dao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann 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