{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T05:18:28Z","timestamp":1777958308954,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"S 01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Objective\u2003Among children born extremely preterm (EP), the antecedents of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including neonatal acute kidney injury (nAKI), are not well characterized.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Study Design\u2003This was a retrospective cohort pilot study. Participants (n\u2009=\u200936) were adolescents born before 28 weeks of gestation enrolled at birth into the extremely low gestational age newborn study, between 2002 and 2004, at the University of North Carolina. Participants were stratified by the primary exposure to nAKI, defined using the modified Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes nAKI criteria. Baseline serum creatinine (SCr) was defined as the lowest SCr after 48 to 72 postnatal hours. The primary outcome was an abnormal kidney profile during adolescence, defined as having one or more of these outcomes: elevated blood pressure (&gt;120\/80\u2009mm Hg), microalbuminuria (urine microalbumin\/creatinine &gt;30 \u00b5g\/g), or an abnormal kidney volume measured by ultrasound (total kidney volume corrected for body surface area &lt;10th%ile for age).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2003Half of the participants had a history of nAKI. Thirteen had stage 1 nAKI, four had stage 2, and one had stage 3 nAKI. At 15 years of age, 50% were overweight\/obese, 31% had elevated blood pressure (BP), 11% had abnormal kidney volumes, and 17% had microalbuminuria. The relative risk for having an abnormal kidney profile during adolescence among participants with a history of nAKI was 0.63 (95% confidence interval: 0.3\u20131.3, p\u2009=\u20090.2).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003In this sample of adolescents born EP, a history of nAKI was not associated with elevated BP, microalbuminuria, or abnormal kidney volume. Future studies are needed in larger samples to better characterize the relationship between nAKI and CKD in EP-born children.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1778038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T03:34:42Z","timestamp":1704857682000},"page":"e3319-e3325","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Adolescent Kidney Outcomes after Extremely Preterm Birth and Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury: There May be More to the Story"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Ryan","family":"Lupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erica C.","family":"Bjornstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T Michael","family":"O'Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7759-4220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keia R.","family":"Sanderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(17)30069-X","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of neonatal acute kidney injury (AWAKEN): a multicentre, multinational, observational cohort study","volume":"1","author":"J G Jetton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04563-x","article-title":"Prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGAN)","volume":"35","author":"D J Askenazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.379","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"S G Coca","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04240415","article-title":"Follow-up renal assessment of injury long-term after acute kidney injury (FRAIL-AKI)","volume":"11","author":"D S Cooper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.15011121","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for kidney disease and elevated BP in 2-year-old children born extremely premature","volume":"17","author":"S Hingorani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-2016-5","article-title":"Renal outcome in long-term survivors from severe acute kidney injury in childhood","volume":"27","author":"M Viaud","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l1346","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l1346","article-title":"Preterm birth and risk of chronic kidney disease from childhood into mid-adulthood: national cohort study","volume":"365","author":"C Crump","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3603-x","article-title":"Follow-up of acute kidney injury in neonates during childhood years (FANCY): a prospective cohort study","volume":"32","author":"M W Harer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-016-3444-z","article-title":"Renal outcome in children born preterm with neonatal acute renal failure: IRENEO-a prospective controlled study","volume":"31","author":"A Bruel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3582-y","article-title":"Outcome of extremely low birth weight infants with a history of neonatal acute kidney injury","volume":"32","author":"S Maqsood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2009.08.060","article-title":"The ELGAN study of the brain and related disorders in extremely low gestational age newborns","volume":"85","author":"T M O'Shea","year":"2009","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-018-0054-y","article-title":"Maternal and environmental risk factors for neonatal AKI and its long-term consequences","volume":"14","author":"N Perico","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2016.08.002","article-title":"Diagnosis and risk factors of acute kidney injury in very low birth weight infants","volume":"58","author":"A Daga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03670318","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of early onset neonatal AKI","volume":"14","author":"J R Charlton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Peritoneal dialysis in children","author":"K Sanderson","year":"2016"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07480714","article-title":"Progression of pediatric CKD of nonglomerular origin in the CKiD cohort","volume":"10","author":"S A Fathallah-Shaykh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1371-y","article-title":"Reduced renal length and volume 20 years after very preterm birth","volume":"25","author":"M G Keijzer-Veen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.5527\/wjn.v4.i1.57","article-title":"Biomarkers in chronic kidney disease, from kidney function to kidney damage","volume":"4","author":"S Lopez-Giacoman","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Nephrol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref19","first-page":"170","article-title":"Markers of renal function tests","volume":"2","author":"S Gowda","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-016-3320-x","article-title":"Assessment of kidney function in preterm infants: lifelong implications","volume":"31","author":"C L Abitbol","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"949164","article-title":"Body-surface-area related renal volume: a common normal range from birth to adulthood","volume":"2012","author":"T Scholbach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scientifica (Cairo)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00230","article-title":"Albuminuria, Hypertension, and Reduced Kidney Volumes in Adolescents Born Extremely Premature","volume":"8","author":"K R Sanderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"8663","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90710-1","article-title":"Weight in infancy and death from ischaemic heart disease","volume":"2","author":"D J Barker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0009","article-title":"Short-term gestation, long-term risk: prematurity and chronic kidney disease","volume":"131","author":"J B Carmody","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2008.12.042","article-title":"Is low birth weight an antecedent of CKD in later life? A systematic review of observational studies","volume":"54","author":"S L White","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-018-4050-z","article-title":"Renal function and blood pressure are altered in adolescents born preterm","volume":"34","author":"A M South","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"ref27","volume-title":"2019 USRDS Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States","author":"U SRD System","year":"2019"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1214243","article-title":"Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease as interconnected syndromes","volume":"371","author":"L S Chawla","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-02956-2","article-title":"The experiences of mothers with preterm infants within the first-year post discharge from NICU: social support, attachment and level of depressive symptoms","volume":"20","author":"P Leahy-Warren","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Perinatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1778038.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T13:51:29Z","timestamp":1730814689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1778038"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S 01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1778038","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-1631","1098-8785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-1631","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-8785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]}}}