{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:42:18Z","timestamp":1783762938090,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction\u2003Arthroscopy is a well-established diagnostic modality for various orthopaedic conditions in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship of canine shoulder arthroscopy portals to major muscular, ligamentous, and neurovascular structures for anatomical and safety considerations.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003Arthroscopic exploration of 20 adult canine cadaver shoulders was performed. Each shoulder region was dissected layer by layer to the level of the joint. Musculotendinous, ligamentous, and cartilaginous lesions were documented. The distance was measured from each portal to neurovascular structures encountered.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Muscular lesions included the deltoideus, cleidobrachialis, omotransversarius, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles. The neurovascular structures identified were the omobrachial vein, the caudal circumflex humeral artery, axillobrachial vein, and branches of the axillary nerve. Lesions to the lateral glenohumeral ligament were noted from the caudal instrument portal and the middle arthroscope portal. Iatrogenic articular cartilage injuries were identified on the caudal humeral head and the glenoid.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003This study supports the safety of lateral shoulder arthroscopy in dogs. Most local neurovascular structures are unaffected with traditional scope portal positions. Musculotendinous lesions are unavoidable due to the extensive muscling surrounding the shoulder but are unlikely to cause severe complications postoperatively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1779497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T23:57:47Z","timestamp":1707523067000},"page":"181-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of Canine Shoulder Arthroscopy for Anatomical and Safety Considerations"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4706-6974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayla M.","family":"Corriveau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray","family":"Wilhite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","first-page":"575","article-title":"Arthroscopy of dogs","volume":"172","author":"G H Siemering","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2013.12025.x","article-title":"Minimally invasive surgery in veterinary practice: a 2010 survey of diplomates and residents of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons","volume":"42","author":"J A Bleedorn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet 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