{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:14:28Z","timestamp":1759936468820,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Understanding the causes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is crucial for effective treatment and preventing recurrences. The SMASH-U scale is a suggested method for classifying and predicting the outcomes of ICH.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003To describe the SMASH-U classification and outcomes by etiology in patients admitted to a comprehensive stroke center in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients admitted to the hospital or outpatient clinic between April 2015 and January 2018. Two stroke neurologists evaluated the SMASH-U classification, and patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Out of the 2000 patients with a stroke diagnosis evaluated, 140 were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 57.9 (\u00b1\u200915.5) years, and 54.3% were male. Hypertension was the most frequent etiology, accounting for 41.4% of cases, followed by amyloid angiopathy (18.5%) and structural lesions (14.1%). Structural lesions were more common among women and patients under 45 years old. Favorable outcomes were observed in 61% of patients with structural lesions, compared to 10% of patients with medication-related etiologies.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003This study provides important evidence regarding the etiological classification of Brazilian patients with ICH. Hypertension and amyloid angiopathy were the most frequent causes, while structural lesions and systemic diseases were more common in younger patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1779505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T01:06:48Z","timestamp":1707181608000},"page":"001-007","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Brazilian series utilizing the SMASH-U system for etiologic classification of intracerebral hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0535-0192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Henrique Libardi","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8768-7164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Brainer Clares de","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."},{"name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Camilo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7400-9356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad Ali El","family":"Majdoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8284-1991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maram\u00e9lia","family":"Miranda-Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6212-1793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul Alberto","family":"Valiente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2976-6782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela Laranja Gomes","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3247-3123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gisele Sampaio","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."},{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, 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