{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T11:08:02Z","timestamp":1769252882433,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objectives\u2003The abducens nerve has a long, serpentine subarachnoid course with complex topographical relationships, rendering abducens nerve palsy the most common ocular motor cranial nerve palsy in adults and second most common in pediatric patients, with anatomical variants reported in the literature. Preoperative awareness of abducens nerve variant anatomy may help prevent inadvertent intraoperative injury.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Design\u2003This study is a case report with a review of the abducens nerve anatomy and variants.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Setting\u2003The study setting included outpatient, inpatient, and operating room in the neurosurgery department of a quaternary referral center.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Participants\u2003The study included a woman in her early 30s with a diagnosis of petrous meningioma.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Main Outcome Measures\u2003In vivo documentation of a type 3 abducens nerve duplication was carried out.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003A left extended retrosigmoid craniotomy was recommended for the petroclival meningioma resection. Intraoperatively, a complete duplication of the left abducens cisternal segment was encountered and photographed. The left unilateral abducens nerve duplication was confirmed with postoperative volumetric magnetic resonance imaging using the FIESTA (fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition) sequence, revealing the union of the duplicated cisternal abducens nerves into a single trunk from Dorello's canal distally.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Abducens nerve variants are uncommon, and although reported in the setting of cadaveric dissection, in vivo documentation of them is limited. This case report of an in vivo type 3 abducens nerve duplication with intraoperative photographic and radiographic images highlights the need for clinical awareness to avoid inadvertent intraoperative injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1779736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T00:13:30Z","timestamp":1709338410000},"page":"106-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Abducens Nerve Duplication: Novel Intraoperative and Radiographic Observation of a Rare Anatomical Variant"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5314-1067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher S.","family":"Graffeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Scherschinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnau","family":"Benet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Benner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lea M.","family":"Alhilali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Dortch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Visish M.","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Lawton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","first-page":"242","article-title":"Intracranial intradural variations of nerve roots","volume":"122","author":"R Kuruc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199211000-00016","article-title":"The microsurgical anatomy of the abducens nerve in its intracranial course","volume":"102","author":"F Umansky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2001.95.5.0853","article-title":"Duplicated abducent nerve and its course: microanatomical study and surgery-related considerations","volume":"95","author":"G Iaconetta","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000048186.18741.3C","article-title":"Duplication of the abducens nerve at the petroclival region: an anatomic study","volume":"52","author":"M F Ozveren","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","first-page":"449","article-title":"Microanatomical study of the intracranial abducens nerve: clinical interest and surgical perspective","volume":"20","author":"E Ozer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.41.5.0561","article-title":"The abducens nerve. 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