{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T11:11:26Z","timestamp":1780571486130,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Angiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a very frequent cardiovascular entity that encompasses deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE). This last entity represents a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The incidence of PE and the rate of PE-related morbidity significantly increase with age, race, and underlying medical conditions, such as malignancy. Given the recent advances in diagnostic strategies and algorithms, patients can be risk assessed and treated promptly to avoid disease progression. Anticoagulation is the mainstay of treatment for acute PE that is not hemodynamically unstable. Direct oral anticoagulants, such as apixaban, rivaroxaban, or edoxaban, are currently the preferred agents for the treatment of patients who present with acute PE or for long-term treatment. Treatment duration should be continued for at least 3 months, and all patients should be assessed for extended duration of therapy based on the precipitating factors that led to the development of the VTE. Novel anticoagulant agents targeting factor XI\/XIa are currently being investigated in phases 2 and 3 clinical trials, representing an attractive option in anticoagulation therapies in patients with VTE. For hemodynamically unstable patients, systemic thrombolysis is the treatment of choice, and it may also be of benefit\u2014in reduced dose\u2014for patients with intermediate to high risk who are at risk of hemodynamic collapse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1782537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T00:09:31Z","timestamp":1710288571000},"page":"095-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anticoagulation in the Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism\u2014A Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Raul","family":"del Toro Mijares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3967-9060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Rojas Murguia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateo","family":"Porres-Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5131-3694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debabrata","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879.e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.01.041","article-title":"Secular trends in incidence and mortality of acute venous thromboembolism: the AB-VTE population-based study","volume":"129","author":"G S Alotaibi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X16670250","article-title":"Persistent right ventricular dysfunction, functional capacity limitation, exercise intolerance, and quality of life impairment following pulmonary embolism: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"A K Sista","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032274","article-title":"Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism","volume":"350","author":"V Pengo","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009107","article-title":"30-year mortality after venous thromboembolism: a population-based cohort study","volume":"130","author":"K K S\u00f8gaard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39098.583356.55","article-title":"Anticoagulation for three versus six months in patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or both: randomised trial","volume":"334","author":"I A Campbell","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2005.06.011","article-title":"Safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of single doses of BAY 59-7939, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor","volume":"78","author":"D Kubitza","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1113572","article-title":"Oral rivaroxaban for the treatment of symptomatic pulmonary embolism","volume":"366","author":"H R B\u00fcller","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302507","article-title":"Oral apixaban for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism","volume":"369","author":"G Agnelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3484","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-01-0108","article-title":"Recurrent venous thromboembolism and bleeding complications during anticoagulant treatment in patients with cancer and venous thrombosis","volume":"100","author":"P Prandoni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1160\/TH15-08-0686","article-title":"Epidemiology of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with active cancer. 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