{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T19:42:34Z","timestamp":1782330154450,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Respir Crit Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Connective tissue diseases (CTD) are heterogeneous, immune-mediated inflammatory disorders often presenting with multiorgan involvement. With the advent of high-resolution computed tomography, CTD-related pleuritis\u2014pleural thickening and effusion\u2014is now increasingly recognized early in the disease trajectory. The natural history of CTD-related pleural effusions varies from spontaneous resolution to progressive fibrothorax with ventilatory impairment. Treatment of the underlying CTD is necessary to manage the pleural disease. Depending on the degree of symptom burden and physiological insult, specific treatment of pleural disease can include monitoring, repeated aspirations, systemic anti-inflammatory medication, and surgical decortication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1782612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T23:55:08Z","timestamp":1711670108000},"page":"305-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pleural Diseases in Connective Tissue Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beenish","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Respiratory Disease, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Churchill Hospital, NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najib M.","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Respiratory Disease, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Churchill Hospital, NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"S106","article-title":"Superior vena cava thrombosis and chylothorax in a young patient","volume":"23","author":"A Balbir-Gurman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201004-0622OC","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease-associated mortality","volume":"183","author":"A L Olson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-2408","article-title":"A roadmap to promote clinical and translational research in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"145","author":"T J Doyle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.3.3.168","article-title":"Visceral lesions associated with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"3","author":"D L Fingerman","year":"1943","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-51-6-1179","article-title":"The pleural and pulmonary complications of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"51","author":"A R Horler","year":"1959","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.26.6.467","article-title":"Rheumatoid pleuritis","volume":"26","author":"W C Walker","year":"1967","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"912","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.77.912.621","article-title":"Imaging of the pulmonary manifestations of systemic disease","volume":"77","author":"A G Rockall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02597","article-title":"Pleuro-pulmonary complications of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"59","author":"J P Corcoran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3109\/03009748309102888","article-title":"Pleurisy in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"A G Jurik","year":"1983","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-007-0322-9","article-title":"Pleural effusion associated with rheumatoid arthritis: what cell predominance to anticipate?","volume":"27","author":"L S Avnon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-92-6-748","article-title":"Immune complexes and other laboratory features of pleural effusions: a comparison of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other diseases","volume":"92","author":"J T Halla","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196612152752404","article-title":"Pleural effusion in rheumatoid arthritis. 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