{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:41:14Z","timestamp":1793742074302,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microtia\u2013atresia is a congenital deformity affecting the external ear and ear canal that can present with varying degrees of severity and morbidity. Treatment occurs along a spectrum and primarily centers on improving aesthetic appearance. Many cases of microtia will not be effectively treated with conservative measures and will require some form of reconstruction. There are several options available, including porous polyethylene implants, autologous rib grafting, and autologous chondrocyte frameworks. Equally significant is the treatment of hearing loss, as many patients with microtia\u2013atresia will have a component of conductive hearing loss. This article aims to comprehensively review contemporary treatment modalities for microtia\u2013atresia and discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and practicality of each. Treatment and reconstruction often take a multidisciplinary and multistaged approach to achieve optimal results, with ideal management determined by each patient's individualized needs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1785454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T23:05:27Z","timestamp":1712617527000},"page":"191-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Contemporary Treatment of Microtia\u2013Atresia"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"suffix":"III","given":"Thomas","family":"Romo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Horne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2680-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"George","family":"Ferzli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joto.2016.11.001","article-title":"Contemporary solutions for patients with microtia and congenital aural atresia - Hong Kong experience","volume":"11","author":"W SS Tsang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Otol"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Ear microtia","author":"J Andrews","year":"2023"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-011-0290-1","article-title":"Auricular reconstruction of congenital microtia using autogenous costal cartilage: report of 27 cases","volume":"11","author":"D S Chauhan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1603957","article-title":"Otologic and audiology concerns of microtia repair","volume":"31","author":"K Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1603959","article-title":"Autologous ear reconstruction","volume":"31","author":"A Olshinka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1604261","article-title":"Total ear reconstruction using porous polyethylene","volume":"31","author":"K Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-7322","article-title":"Microtia reconstruction using a porous polyethylene framework","volume":"16","author":"T Romo III","year":"2000","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"161","article-title":"Reconstruction of the external ear","volume":"50","author":"G Pierce","year":"1930","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-195901000-00001","article-title":"Total reconstruction of the external ear","volume":"23","author":"R C Tanzer","year":"1959","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Transplant Bull"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199209000-00001","article-title":"Auricular repair with autogenous rib cartilage grafts: two decades of experience with 600 cases","volume":"90","author":"B Brent","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199308000-00001","article-title":"A new method of total reconstruction of the auricle for microtia","volume":"92","author":"S Nagata","year":"1993","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200207000-00041","article-title":"Auricular reconstruction for microtia: part II. 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