{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T22:20:19Z","timestamp":1768083619648,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide and can be classified into electrophysiological subtypes and clinical variants.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003This study aimed to compare the frequency of the sural-sparing pattern (SSP) in subtypes and variants of GBS.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003This retrospective cohort study analyzed clinical and electrophysiological data of 171 patients with GBS hospitalized in public and private hospitals of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, between 1994 and 2018; all cases were followed up by the same neurologist in a reference neurology center. Patients were classified according to electrophysiological subtypes and clinical variants, and the SSP frequency was compared in both categories. The exact Fisher test and Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The SSP was present in 53% (57 of 107) of the patients with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), 8% (4 of 48) of the patients with axonal subtypes, and 31% (5 of 16) of the equivocal cases. The SSP frequency in the AIDP was significantly higher than in the axonal subtypes (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001); the value was kept high after serial electrophysiological examinations. Only the paraparetic subtype did not present SSP.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003The SSP may be present in AIDP and axonal subtypes, including acute motor axonal neuropathy, but it is significantly more present in AIDP. Moreover, the clinical variants reflect a specific pathological process and are correlated to its typical electrophysiological subtype, affecting the SSP frequency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1785692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T00:09:22Z","timestamp":1713571762000},"page":"001-007","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The sural-sparing pattern in clinical variants and electrophysiological subtypes of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3358-5503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinicius Furtado da Silva","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3140-5161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto Teodoro Gurgel de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil."},{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Metem\u00e1tica, Natal RN, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2586-9605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Daniel Lima dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0375-090X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramon de Souza","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2937-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ag\u00e1bio Di\u00f3genes","family":"Pessoa Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6485-9493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuela Coriolano","family":"Fidelix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9462-2294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio Em\u00edlio Teixeira","family":"Dourado J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Onofre Lopes, Departamento de Medicina Integrada, Natal RN, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1159\/000324710","article-title":"Population incidence of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"J J Sejvar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270707","article-title":"Assessment of current diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome","volume":"27","author":"A K Asbury","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440512","article-title":"Electrophysiological classification of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: clinical associations and outcome","volume":"44","author":"R D Hadden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.3.597","article-title":"Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome in northern China. 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