{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T22:03:36Z","timestamp":1788991416827,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin intervent Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Since no uniform treatment protocol for pancreatic irreversible electroporation (IRE) exists, the heterogeneity throughout literature complicates the comparison of results. To reach agreement among experts, a consensus study was performed. Eleven experts, recruited according to predefined criteria regarding previous IRE publications, participated anonymously in three rounds of questionnaires according to a modified Delphi technique. Consensus was defined as having reached \u226580% agreement. Response rates were 100, 64, and 64% in rounds 1 to 3, respectively; consensus was reached in 93%. Pancreatic IRE should be considered for stage III pancreatic cancer and inoperable recurrent disease after previous local treatment. Absolute contraindications are ventricular arrhythmias, implantable stimulation devices, congestive heart failure NYHA class 4, and severe ascites. The inter-electrode distance should be 10 to 20\u2009mm and the exposure length should be 15\u2009mm. After 10 test pulses, 90 treatment pulses of 1,500\u2009V\/cm should be delivered continuously, with a 90-\u00b5s pulse length. The first postprocedural contrast-enhanced computed tomography should take place 1 month post-IRE, and then every 3 months. This article provides expert recommendations regarding patient selection, procedure, and follow-up for IRE treatment in pancreatic malignancies through a modified Delphi consensus study. Future studies should define the maximum tumor diameter, response evaluation criteria, and the optimal number of preoperative FOLFIRINOX cycles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1787164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T22:42:26Z","timestamp":1720651346000},"page":"176-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Consensus Guidelines of Irreversible Electroporation for Pancreatic Tumors: Protocol Standardization Using the Modified Delphi Technique"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Danielle J. W.","family":"Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alette H.","family":"Ruarus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florentine E. 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Sebastiano Hospital, Caserta, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc G.","family":"Besselink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Leen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C. G.","family":"Martin II","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Govindarjan","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Paiella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, University of Verona Hospital Trust, G. B. 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