{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T05:11:18Z","timestamp":1738905078905,"version":"3.37.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Academy of Audiology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["j am acad audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\u2003Vestibular migraine is associated with vertigo, persistent swaying, tilting, and disorientation, which suggests a heightened sensitivity of the neural mechanisms subserving spatial orientation. Whether a heightened sense of motion to vestibular\n stimulation in vestibular migraine is associated with sensitivity to visual motion (visual dependency) or physical motion (motion sickness susceptibility) is unclear. <jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>\u2003The aim of this study was to explore whether a heightened sense of self-motion sensitivity in vestibular\n migraine is associated with visual dependency or motion sickness susceptibility. <jats:bold>Study design<\/jats:bold>\u2003This is a prospective cross-over study. <jats:bold>Study sample<\/jats:bold>\u2003Fifteen participants with vestibular migraine and 20 healthy controls (all right handed) were included in this\n study. <jats:bold>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:bold>\u2003In the main experiment, participants were asked to align a rod to the perceived head position. Head tilt was generated by DC galvanic vestibular stimulation at 1\u2009mA to produce head tilts to the right (left anodal\/right cathodal stimulation,\n LA\/RC) or left (right anodal\/left cathodal, RA\/LC). The perception of head tilt was measured in a dark room using laptop software that allowed participants to turn an illuminated rod to any angle about the midpoint. Participants were instructed to align the rod to the perceived head position\n before and during galvanic stimulation and the line angle was saved. Head position was objectively monitored with an ultrasound motion system. After completing the perceptual test, visual dependency was measured with a static and rotating background and the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire\n (MSSQ) was completed. <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2003In an upright head position, without stimulation, the perceived head position was 1.1\u2009degrees in controls and \u22120.69\u2009degrees in vestibular migraine participants with no significant difference between groups. During galvanic vestibular\n stimulation, participants with vestibular migraine had an increased perception of head tilt compared with controls (RA\/LC: controls \u22124.7\u2009degrees and vestibular migraine \u22129.29, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002; and LA\/RC: controls 6.5\u2009degrees and vestibular migraine\n 11.12\u2009degrees, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017), although the size of head movement was similar between groups. The average perception of head tilt correlated to the MSSQ score, but not to the degree of visual dependency in a static or moving background. <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\u2003A\n heightened sensitivity of the vestibular system to vestibular stimulation in vestibular migraine is consistent with reports of self-motion sensitivity in vestibular migraine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1790263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T23:14:28Z","timestamp":1727910868000},"page":"114-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Increased Perception of Head Tilt to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Correlates to Motion Sickness Susceptibility in Vestibular Migraine"],"prefix":"10.3766","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Mitesh","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Burnley, United 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