{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T06:03:31Z","timestamp":1741068211223,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Asian J Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003Cervical open-door laminoplasty using plates and miniscrews is gaining popularity. One of the complications of this procedure is the loosening or back-out of the miniscrews inserted in the lateral mass (LM). Bone mineral density (BMD) measured by computed tomography (CT) has been used as a predictor of bone strength. However, bone density distribution in the LM remains unclear.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003We investigated bone density distribution in the posterior wall of the LM. A total of 120 LMs were analyzed from the patients who underwent laminoplasty. The distribution of BMD defined by Hounsfield unit (HU) in the posterior wall of the LM was measured by CT osteoabsorptiometry. The posterior wall was divided into nine zones, which consisted of three columns (lateral, center, and medial) and three rows (cranial, center, and caudal). BMD in each zone was averaged and compared by zones and cervical levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Overall mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation BMD was 1,092\u2009\u00b1\u2009433 HU. Averaged BMD in the entire posterior wall was highest at C4 (1,365\u2009\u00b1\u2009459 HU), second highest at C3 (1,239\u2009\u00b1\u2009435 HU), and lower in the lower levels. BMD in the medial\u2013center zone (1,357\u2009\u00b1\u2009443 HU) was the highest in all zones. BMD in the medial\u2013caudal region at C7 was only 59% of the highest BMD in the medial\u2013center region at C4.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003The medial\u2013center to the cranial region was most suitable for miniscrew fixation for laminoplasty. These biomechanical findings would be useful in the preoperative planning of laminoplasty especially for the determination of the LM screw entry points and in the design of laminoplasty implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1793929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T00:25:56Z","timestamp":1732062356000},"page":"082-087","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bone Mineral Density Distribution in the Posterior Wall of the Lateral Mass Evaluated by Computed Tomography Osteoabsorptiometry"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8552-2921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuma","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, Shin Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nozomu","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, Shin Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery, Shin Yurigaoka General Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2015.9.6.849","article-title":"Screw 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kinematics of the cervical spine","volume":"33","author":"Y Morishita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23633","article-title":"Characteristics of regional bone quality in cervical vertebrae considering BMD: determining a safe trajectory for cervical pedicle screw fixation","volume":"36","author":"M K Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1158","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002158","article-title":"Does spanning a lateral lumbar interbody cage across the vertebral ring apophysis increase loads required for failure and mitigate endplate violation","volume":"42","author":"D C Briski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0259001","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259001","article-title":"Regional distribution of computed tomography 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An in vivo study of pedicle screw fixation augmenting posterior lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"25","author":"K Okuyama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000084665.31967.02","article-title":"Effect of various tapping diameters on insertion of thoracic pedicle screws: a biomechanical analysis","volume":"28","author":"T R Kuklo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.oa.2020-0206","article-title":"Risk factor analysis of facet fusion following cervical lateral mass screw fixation with a minimum 1-year follow-up: assessment of maximal insertional screw torque and incidence of loosening","volume":"61","author":"R Kanematsu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199609000-00004","article-title":"Biomechanical study of screws in the lateral masses: variables affecting pull-out resistance","volume":"78","author":"J G Heller","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31818916e3","article-title":"A biomechanical evaluation of three revision screw strategies for failed lateral mass fixation","volume":"33","author":"R A Hostin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199511001-00013","article-title":"Complications of posterior cervical plating","volume":"20","author":"J G Heller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.11.119","article-title":"Bony ingrowth of coil-type open-architecture anchors compared with screw-type PEEK anchors for the medial row in rotator cuff repair: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"J Chahla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211034845","article-title":"CT osteoabsorptiometry assessment of subchondral bone density predicts intervertebral implant subsidence in a human ACDF cadaver model","volume":"13","author":"A AE Or\u00edas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Global Spine J"}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0044-1793929.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T23:58:21Z","timestamp":1741046301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0044-1793929"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0044-1793929","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1793-5482","2248-9614"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1793-5482"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2248-9614"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]}}}