{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T18:16:30Z","timestamp":1781806590405,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin intervent Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endoleaks are a common complication following endovascular aneurysm repair, despite EVAR being the preferred method for the repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Endoleaks are continued blood flow into the aneurysmal sac, or more broadly elevated pressure outside of the endograft, and are classified into five types based on the source of blood flow or elevated pressure. Type II endoleaks are the most common and are a result of retrograde flow to the sac most commonly from the inferior mesenteric artery or lumbar artery. Endovascular treatment options for type II endoleaks include transarterial, transcaval, translumbar, and transabdominal approaches. This review discusses the indication for endovascular treatment of type II endoleaks, the selection of approach, and technical considerations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1800956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T23:52:07Z","timestamp":1735084327000},"page":"547-553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Endovascular Treatment of Type II Endoleaks: Update and Overview"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Christina G.","family":"Dalzell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Sheeran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Angle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke R.","family":"Wilkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.10.044","article-title":"The Society for Vascular Surgery practice guidelines on the care of patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm","volume":"67","author":"E L Chaikof","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.17021","article-title":"Primary care screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"322","author":"J M Guirguis-Blake","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1007\/s10016-005-6858-9","article-title":"1992: Parodi, Montefiore, and the first abdominal aortic aneurysm stent graft in the United States","volume":"19","author":"F J Veith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2010.07.008","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: written by the Standards of Practice Committee for the Society of Interventional Radiology and endorsed by the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe and the Canadian Interventional Radiology Association","volume":"21","author":"T G Walker","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2023.2934","article-title":"Management of endoleaks after elective infrarenal aortic endovascular aneurysm repair: a review","volume":"158","author":"S Cifuentes","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-023-03629-1","article-title":"CIRSE standards of practice on management of endoleaks following endovascular aneurysm repair","volume":"47","author":"J Y Chun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000085773.71254.86","article-title":"Endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"14","author":"R A Baum","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1715873","article-title":"Type 2 endoleak management","volume":"37","author":"J X Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2018.04.002","article-title":"Transabdominal direct sac puncture embolization of type II endoleaks after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair","volume":"29","author":"R Zener","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2021.03.541","article-title":"Predictive value of preprocedural computed tomography angiography for the technical success of transarterial embolization of type II endoleaks arising from the lumbar arteries","volume":"32","author":"B N Contrella","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2022.02.032","article-title":"Systematic review on transcaval embolization for type II endoleak after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair","volume":"76","author":"P Nana","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2020.12.067","article-title":"Transcaval embolization for type II endoleak after endovascular aortic repair of infrarenal, juxtarenal, and type IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm","volume":"74","author":"F Heidemann","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2018.08.177","article-title":"Transcaval embolization as the preferred approach","volume":"69","author":"C G Burley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2021.06.156","article-title":"Benefits of contrast-enhanced ultrasound during endoleak treatment","volume":"74","author":"C K Scott","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2019.10.076","article-title":"Multicenter experience in translumbar type II endoleak treatment in the hybrid room with needle trajectory planning and fusion guidance","volume":"72","author":"R Rhee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2022.12.079","article-title":"Abstract no. 37 the perigraft approach for type II endoleak embolization","volume":"34","author":"H Szeto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2014.01.013","article-title":"Transealing: a novel and simple technique for embolization of type 2 endoleaks through direct sac access from the distal stent-graft landing zone","volume":"47","author":"G Coppi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2018.11.030","article-title":"Transarterial perigraft balloon-assisted onyx embolization of type II endoleak","volume":"30","author":"C Chivot","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvscit.2020.08.024","article-title":"Transgraft embolization by using long needle for the treatment of type II endoleaks after endovascular abdominal aortic repair","volume":"6","author":"H Matsumura","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2017.07.029","article-title":"Laser-assisted transgraft embolization: a technique for the treatment of type II endoleaks","volume":"28","author":"M W Mewissen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-013-0706-z","article-title":"Treatment of type II endoleak using Onyx with long-term imaging follow-up","volume":"37","author":"M S Khaja","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1177\/17085381211053409","article-title":"Outcome and technical evolution of type 2 endoleak embolization with ethylene-vinyl-alcohol copolymer","volume":"31","author":"A Z Vance","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vascular"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2020.10.069","article-title":"Onyx versus coil embolization for the treatment of type II endoleaks","volume":"73","author":"O Scallan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.4174\/astr.2024.106.3.178","article-title":"Comparison between Onyx and coil embolization for persistent type 2 endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair","volume":"106","author":"M K Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Surg Treat Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2020.02.013","article-title":"Outcomes of Onyx\u00ae embolization of type II endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"67","author":"G D Mozes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2010.10.027","article-title":"Treatment of type I endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm: usefulness of N-butyl cyanoacrylate embolization in cases of failed secondary endovascular intervention","volume":"22","author":"S Y Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2018.01.788","article-title":"Translumbar infusion of N-butyl cyanoacrylate for the treatment of type II endoleaks","volume":"29","author":"K Lagios","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.24920\/003618","article-title":"Transarterial embolization versus translumbar embolization for type II Endoleak after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"X Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin Med Sci J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2019.05.074","article-title":"A meta-analysis of translumbar embolization versus transarterial embolization for type II endoleak after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm","volume":"71","author":"Q Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1177\/0846537120981100","article-title":"Factors influencing clinical success following endovascular treatment of type II Endoleaks","volume":"72","author":"R Hamidizadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1177\/17085381231156661","article-title":"Direct sac puncture versus transarterial embolization of type II endoleaks after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: comparison of outcomes","volume":"32","author":"B Moosavi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vascular"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2022.07.168","article-title":"Outcomes of embolization procedures for type II endoleaks following endovascular abdominal aortic repair","volume":"77","author":"S Iwakoshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.4274\/dir.2022.22352","article-title":"Embolization therapy for type 2 endoleaks after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair: imaging-based predictive factors and clinical outcomes on long-term follow-up","volume":"29","author":"R Vandenbulcke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Interventional Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0044-1800956.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T22:48:46Z","timestamp":1743806926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0044-1800956"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0044-1800956","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0739-9529","1098-8963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0739-9529","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-8963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}}}