{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T14:29:49Z","timestamp":1792506589090,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Reprod Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent environmental contaminants found in human tissues and persist in the environment, posing significant risks to reproductive health. This review examines the impact of PFAS exposure on male reproductive health, with a focus on sperm epigenetics. PFASs disrupt endocrine function by altering key reproductive hormones and impairing sperm motility, quality, and viability. Epidemiologic and animal studies highlight inconsistent yet concerning associations between PFAS exposure and semen parameters, as well as altered gene expression and DNA methylation patterns. Moreover, PFAS exposure during critical windows of development has been linked to differential impacts on male versus female pubertal development, cognitive outcomes, and reproductive physiology, emphasizing the complexity of PFAS interactions. This comprehensive analysis highlights the need for continued research into the mechanisms by which PFASs influence reproductive health and development with potential implications for sperm epigenetics. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the epigenetic mechanisms behind these disruptions, particularly DNA methylation and its role in heritable changes. Investigating the epigenetic modifications driven by PFAS exposure is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms by which these chemicals influence reproductive health. Future research should focus on understanding these epigenetic changes in both immediate fertility outcomes and transgenerational health risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1801363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:17:01Z","timestamp":1736468221000},"page":"288-301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["PFAS Exposure and Male Reproductive Health: Implications for Sperm Epigenetics"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"DruAnne L.","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Petriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Richard","family":"Pilsner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1002\/ieam.4450","article-title":"Identification and classification of commercially relevant per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)","volume":"17","author":"R C Buck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Integr Environ Assess Manag"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1787\/1a14ad6c-en","volume-title":"Toward a new comprehensive global database OFPER- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASS): Summary report on updating the OECD 2007 list of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASS)","author":"OECD","year":"2018"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/ieam.258","article-title":"Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: terminology, classification, and origins","volume":"7","author":"R C Buck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Integr Environ Assess Manag"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","first-page":"20","article-title":"Review of source and transportation pathways of perfluorinated compounds through the air","volume":"83","author":"C V Owens Jr","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Environ Health"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"EPA, Multi-Industry Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Study \u2013 2021 Preliminary Report","year":"2021"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10598","article-title":"Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. population: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and comparisons with NHANES 1999-2000","volume":"115","author":"A M Calafat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A486","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10442","article-title":"Definition of occupational lead toxicity in Greece","volume":"115","author":"E E Mazokopakis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp279","article-title":"Association of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate with serum lipids among adults living near a chemical plant","volume":"170","author":"K Steenland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2017.22.1.6","article-title":"Perfluoroalkyl substances exposure and thyroid hormones in humans: epidemiological observations and implications","volume":"22","author":"J E Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6098","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120606098","article-title":"Serum biomarkers of exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in relation to serum testosterone and measures of thyroid function among adults and adolescents from NHANES 2011-2012","volume":"12","author":"R C Lewis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2011.03.011","article-title":"Endocrine disrupting properties of perfluorooctanoic acid","volume":"127","author":"S S White","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4487","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c05974","article-title":"Prediction of the interactions of a large number of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances with ten nuclear receptors","volume":"58","author":"E R Azhagiya Singam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.128243","article-title":"In vitro characterization of the endocrine disrupting effects of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) on the human androgen receptor","volume":"429","author":"P Tachachartvanich","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tria.2020.100073","article-title":"The human testes: estrogen and ageing outlooks","author":"A Hussain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Res Anat"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105284","article-title":"Binding specificities of estrogen receptor with perfluorinated compounds: a cross species comparison","volume":"134","author":"Z Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00198","article-title":"Thyroid hormone and leptin in the testis","volume":"5","author":"C F Ramos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfi011","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: mediators of phthalate ester-induced effects in the male reproductive tract?","volume":"83","author":"J C Corton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2020.100886","article-title":"New perspectives on PPAR, VDR and FXR\u03b1 as new actors in testicular pathophysiology","volume":"78","author":"M Monrose","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00369","article-title":"Cholesterol: a gatekeeper of male fertility?","volume":"9","author":"L S\u00e8des","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108577","article-title":"Mixtures of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) alter sperm methylation and long-term reprogramming of offspring liver and fat transcriptome","volume":"186","author":"D L Maxwell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.10.008","article-title":"Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health","volume":"120","author":"L M\u00ednguez-Alarc\u00f3n","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152633","article-title":"Perfluoroheptanoic acid induces Leydig cell hyperplasia but inhibits spermatogenesis in rats after pubertal exposure","volume":"448","author":"Z Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.162439","article-title":"Putative adverse outcome pathways of the male reproductive toxicity derived from toxicological studies of perfluoroalkyl acids","volume":"873","author":"T Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152663","article-title":"Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) disrupts testosterone biosynthesis via CREB\/CRTC2\/StAR signaling pathway in Leydig cells","volume":"449","author":"L Qiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.115072","article-title":"Effect of prenatal perfluoroheptanoic acid exposure on spermatogenesis in offspring mice","volume":"260","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107001","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP10285","article-title":"Maternal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and male reproductive function in young adulthood: combined exposure to seven PFAS","volume":"130","author":"K K H\u00e6rvig","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205118","article-title":"Associations of in utero exposure to perfluorinated alkyl acids with human semen quality and reproductive hormones in adult men","volume":"121","author":"A Vested","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164353","article-title":"Associations of prenatal and postnatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances with pubertal development and reproductive hormones in females and males: the HOME study","volume":"890","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.02.025","article-title":"Prenatal and childhood exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and cognitive development in children at age 8 years","volume":"172","author":"A M Vuong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.116159","article-title":"Parental plasma concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances and in vitro fertilization outcomes","volume":"269","author":"X Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c07954","article-title":"Maternal and paternal preconception serum concentrations of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances in relation to birth outcomes","volume":"58","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.118485","article-title":"Reproductive toxicity of PFOA, PFOS and their substitutes: a review based on epidemiological and toxicological evidence","volume":"250","author":"W Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27006","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP6233","article-title":"Evaluation of maternal, embryo, and placental effects in CD-1 mice following gestational exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) or hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA or GenX)","volume":"128","author":"B E Blake","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/109158180102000207","article-title":"Rat and rabbit oral developmental toxicology studies with two perfluorinated compounds","volume":"20","author":"M T Case","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2005.07.018","article-title":"Two-generation reproduction and cross-foster studies of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in rats","volume":"215","author":"D J Luebker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.10.025","article-title":"Neonatal and juvenile exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS): advance puberty onset and kisspeptin system disturbance in female rats","volume":"167","author":"G Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.04.081","article-title":"The expression of several reproductive hormone receptors can be modified by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in adult male rats","volume":"155","author":"S L\u00f3pez-Doval","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft129","article-title":"Sertoli cell is a potential target for perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced reproductive dysfunction in male mice","volume":"135","author":"L Qiu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.089219","article-title":"Testicular signaling is the potential target of perfluorooctanesulfonate-mediated subfertility in male mice","volume":"84","author":"H T Wan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.129585","article-title":"Effects of maternal exposure to PFOA on testes of male offspring mice","volume":"272","author":"J Bao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14070691","article-title":"Exposure to perfluorinated alkyl substances and health outcomes in children: a systematic review of the epidemiologic literature","volume":"14","author":"K M Rappazzo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.01.009","article-title":"Perfluorooctanoic acid-induced inhibition of placental prolactin-family hormone and fetal growth retardation in mice","volume":"337","author":"C H Suh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfv197","article-title":"Chronic exposure of female mice to an environmental level of perfluorooctane sulfonate suppresses estrogen synthesis through reduced histone H3K14 acetylation of the StAR promoter leading to deficits in follicular development and ovulation","volume":"148","author":"X Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10060334","article-title":"Multi- and transgenerational effects of developmental exposure to environmental levels of PFAS and PFAS mixture in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"10","author":"A Haimbaugh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799043","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.799043","article-title":"Assessment of the emerging threat posed by perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances to male reproduction in humans","volume":"12","author":"L Calvert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127005","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP4431","article-title":"Profiles of emerging and legacy per-\/polyfluoroalkyl substances in matched serum and semen samples: new implications for human semen quality","volume":"127","author":"Y Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233718799191","article-title":"Genotoxicity assessment of perfluoroalkyl substances on human sperm","volume":"34","author":"E Emerce","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol Ind Health"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155158","article-title":"Environmental exposure to legacy poly\/perfluoroalkyl substances, emerging alternatives and isomers and semen quality in men: a mixture analysis","volume":"833","author":"K Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5685","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c08457","article-title":"Predictors of serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances concentrations among U.S. couples attending a fertility clinic","volume":"58","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01855","article-title":"Endocrine disruption of androgenic activity by perfluoroalkyl substances: clinical and experimental evidence","volume":"104","author":"A Di Nisio","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800517","article-title":"Do perfluoroalkyl compounds impair human semen quality?","volume":"117","author":"U N Joensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des425","article-title":"PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonate) in serum is negatively associated with testosterone levels, but not with semen quality, in healthy men","volume":"28","author":"U N Joensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307621","article-title":"Perfluorochemicals and human semen quality: the LIFE study","volume":"123","author":"G M Louis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2012.02.008","article-title":"Sperm DNA integrity in relation to exposure to environmental perfluoroalkyl substances - a study of spouses of pregnant women in three geographical regions","volume":"33","author":"I O Specht","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des185","article-title":"Exposure to perfluorinated compounds and human semen quality in Arctic and European populations","volume":"27","author":"G Toft","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27884","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-24182-3","article-title":"Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and semen quality","volume":"30","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13082201","article-title":"In-vitro effects of perfluorooctanoic acid on human sperm function: What are the clinical consequences?","volume":"13","author":"A Alamo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-019-01152-0","article-title":"Perfluoro-octanoic acid impairs sperm motility through the alteration of plasma membrane","volume":"43","author":"I \u0160abovi\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae089","article-title":"Male infertility and perfluoroalkyl and poly-fluoroalkyl substances: evidence for alterations in phosphorylation of proteins and fertility-related functional attributes in bull spermatozoa","volume":"111","author":"A Kumaresan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.123167","article-title":"Perturbation of IP3R-dependent endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis by PPAR\u03b4-activated metabolic stress leads to mouse spermatocyte apoptosis: a direct mechanism for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid-induced spermatogenic disorders","volume":"343","author":"W Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2022.03.013","article-title":"Perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid induce plasma membrane dysfunction in boar spermatozoa during in vitro capacitation","volume":"110","author":"P B Ortiz-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108703","article-title":"Sub-acute exposure of male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) to environmentally relevant concentrations of PFOA and GenX induces significant changes in the testis transcriptome and reproductive traits","volume":"187","author":"C Gasparini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115330","article-title":"Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in serum versus semen and their association with male reproductive hormones","volume":"266","author":"Q Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6172","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c07422","article-title":"Exposure of preconception couples to legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: variations within and between couples","volume":"56","author":"X Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b04650","article-title":"Time trends in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in California women: declining serum levels, 2011-2015","volume":"52","author":"S Hurley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.02.009","article-title":"Relationship between perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctane sulfonate blood concentrations in the general population and routine drinking water exposure","volume":"126","author":"S Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105555","article-title":"Incidence of ocular conditions associated with perfluoroalkyl substances exposure: isomers of C8 Health Project in China","volume":"137","author":"M Zeeshan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106123","article-title":"Human biomonitoring of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in German blood plasma samples from 1982 to 2019","volume":"145","author":"B G\u00f6ckener","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2015.03.008","article-title":"Association between perfluoroalkyl substances and reproductive hormones in adolescents and young adults","volume":"218","author":"M S Tsai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091880","article-title":"Reproductive function in a population of young faroese men with elevated exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and perfluorinated alkylate substances (PFAS)","volume":"15","author":"M S Petersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2011.05.024","article-title":"Concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and their associations with human semen quality measurements","volume":"33","author":"J H Raymer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10009","article-title":"Half-life of serum elimination of perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, and perfluorooctanoate in retired fluorochemical production workers","volume":"115","author":"G W Olsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.171743","article-title":"Metabolic disruptions and impaired reproductive fitness in wild-caught freshwater turtles (Emydura macquarii macquarii) exposed to elevated per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)","volume":"926","author":"D J Beale","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbd.2016.02.001","article-title":"Molecular impacts of perfluorinated chemicals (PFASs) in the liver and testis of male largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in Minnesota Lakes","volume":"19","author":"R C Coll\u00ed-Dul\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106496","article-title":"Environmental exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixture and male reproductive hormones","volume":"152","author":"K Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199807000-00006","article-title":"An epidemiologic investigation of reproductive hormones in men with occupational exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid","volume":"40","author":"G W Olsen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.115998","article-title":"Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and sex hormone levels in males based on human studies","volume":"271","author":"L Sang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1509869","article-title":"Perfluoroalkyl Substances, Sex Hormones, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 at 6-9 Years of Age: A Cross-Sectional Analysis within the C8 Health Project","volume":"124","author":"M J Lopez-Espinosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12753","article-title":"The preconception environment and sperm epigenetics","volume":"8","author":"C Marcho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-015-0067-7","article-title":"Environmental susceptibility of the sperm epigenome during windows of male germ cell development","volume":"2","author":"H Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Environ Health Rep"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37820-2","article-title":"Emerging evidence that the mammalian sperm epigenome serves as a template for embryo development","volume":"14","author":"A Lismer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2015.07.006","article-title":"Developmental windows of susceptibility for epigenetic inheritance through the male germline","volume":"43","author":"L Ly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14020486","article-title":"Impact of advanced paternal age on fertility and risks of genetic disorders in offspring","volume":"14","author":"A Kaltsas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-023-01461-5","article-title":"Mediation effects of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation on birth outcomes after prenatal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure in the Michigan mother-infant Pairs cohort","volume":"15","author":"R L Petroff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0044-1801363.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T23:32:28Z","timestamp":1741649548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0044-1801363"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0044-1801363","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-8004","1526-4564"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-8004","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4564","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}}}