{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:22:02Z","timestamp":1785410522920,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Radiol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To validate reliability of slice-encoding for metal artifact correction (SEMAC) sequences in identifying prosthesis loosening in patients with painful knee arthroplasties (KAs) by comparing SEMAC-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings to surgical outcomes\u2014the gold standard.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We prospectively followed 44 painful KA patients with possible aseptic prosthesis loosening at our tertiary care institution from 2011 to 2017. Potential cases of infective loosening were excluded making ours a selective study population. We acquired conventional and SEMAC-MRI images for all patients on 1.5-T MRI scanner. Two consultants scored MRI findings for complications such as osteolysis and bone marrow edema systematically. Scoring variations were settled by consensus. We used the Mann\u2013Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for quantitative analysis and Spearman's rank-order correlation for correlation analysis of SEMAC findings and surgical outcomes, and followed the Outcome Measurements in Rheumatology filter methodology to assess the ability of SEMAC-MRI to detect prosthetic loosening.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Eleven patients needed revision surgery\u2014seven had prosthesis loosening and four had retained native compartment osteoarthritis. Thirty-three were treated conservatively, of which 17 had spontaneous pain resolution and 8 had extra-articular causes\u2014referred pain from hip (1 patient) and lumbar (7 patients) degeneration. Eight patients had adequate pain control without prosthesis loosening on follow-up. T1W-SEMAC identified surgically proven prosthesis loosening in all cases and short tau inversion recovery (STIR)-SEMAC diagnosed bone marrow edema (BME) in all our true positive cases. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SEMAC-MRI for component loosening compared with gold standard were 100, 97.0, 88.9, and 100% in T1W-SEMAC, 75.0, 45.5, 25.0, and 88.2% in STIR-SEMAC, and 75.0, 93.9, 75.0, and 93.9% in proton density-weighted-SEMAC.<\/jats:p><jats:p>SEMAC-MRI can accurately detect surgically verifiable prosthesis loosening and differentiate nonspecific BME from prosthesis loosening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1802970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T19:36:01Z","timestamp":1740512161000},"page":"548-557","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reliability of Slice-Encoding for Metal Artifact Correction (SEMAC) MRI to Identify Prosthesis Loosening in Patients with Painful Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Single-Center, Surgical Validation Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4198-6684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuneari","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6144-5551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddharth","family":"Thaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Lettieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Redmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"The NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Backhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"The NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"The NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemant","family":"Pandit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom"},{"name":"The NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Annual report","author":"National Joint Registry for England Wales Northern Ireland and Isle of Man","year":"2015"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B7.19091","article-title":"The role of pain and function in determining patient satisfaction after total knee replacement","volume":"89","author":"P N Baker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-1119-9","article-title":"Patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty: who is satisfied and who is not?","volume":"468","author":"R B Bourne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2015140216","article-title":"MR imaging of knee arthroplasty implants","volume":"35","author":"J Fritz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"186","key":"ref5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hospitalization for total hip replacement among inpatients aged 45 and over: United States, 2000-2010","author":"M L Wolford","year":"2015","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"210","key":"ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hospitalization for total knee replacement among inpatients aged 45 and over: United States, 2000-2010","author":"S N Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E106","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.344140010","article-title":"MR imaging of hip arthroplasty implants","volume":"34","author":"J 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