{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T22:30:48Z","timestamp":1758234648931,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Radiol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moyamoya disease demonstrates angiographically enlarged anterior falcine artery (AFA) participating in anastomotic dural\u2013pial collateralization along parasagittal locations. It is conceivable that in vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH-V), this AFA may responsively enlarge to perfuse ischemic parenchyma. We investigate the angiographic attributes of AFA and its reactive functions in post-SAH-V.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A retrospective assessment of clinical and imaging data was done on patients with SAH with angiographic vasospasm (modified Fisher scale [mFS]: 1\u20134; graded subjectively as either \u201cmild\u201d\/\u201cmoderate\u201d\/\u201csevere\u201d), who were offered nimodipine infusion chemical angioplasty (NCA). Digital subtraction (biplane) angiography (DSA) characteristics studied were visibility of AFA and its length from the skull base. The mixed effect analysis methodology was used for comparison.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The AFA was visualized in 59% of patients (n\u2009=\u2009100; age: 26\u201375 years; M:F\u2009=\u200948:52;) in pre-NCA angiograms (47% in angiographic control group; p\u2009=\u20090.004). A trend was noted tending to longer AFA lengths in SAH-V in cases of anterior communicating artery (ACom) aneurysms (p\u2009=\u20090.7237), and higher mFS (increased by \u223c0.99\u2009cm in mFS grade 4; p\u2009=\u20090.276). Post-NCA, the average reduction in AFA length in \u201cmild,\u201d \u201cmoderate,\u201d and \u201csevere\u201d subgroups of vasospasm was 0.49, 0.78, and 0.81\u2009cm, respectively. The length reduction for AFA after NCA was statistically significant (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). An 18.9% increase in the odds of vasospasm was estimated per centimeter increase in AFA length.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The AFA is angiographically demonstrable in greater than 58% of SAH-V cases. On DSA, the AFA was substantially longer and prominent in SAH-V cases and its post-NCA dimensions reduced, especially with severe vasospasm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1806849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T19:50:55Z","timestamp":1743450655000},"page":"582-588","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Falcate Artery: Its Dynamics in Vasospasm"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Kotwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ansan","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, Sri Ramachandra institute for Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1585-8769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karthik","family":"Kulanthaivelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, Sri Ramachandra institute for Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0919-1811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richa Singh","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chandrajit","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arvinda Hanumanthapura","family":"Ramalingaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jitender","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhritiman","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroanaesthesia, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2016.11.002","article-title":"Surgical management of falcine meningiomas: experience of 95 patients","volume":"37","author":"D Murrone","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1148\/91.6.1089","article-title":"The anterior falx artery: normal and pathologic anatomy","volume":"91","author":"J A Pollock","year":"1968","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5622","article-title":"Anatomic and angiographic analyses of ophthalmic artery collaterals in moyamoya disease","volume":"39","author":"T Robert","year":"2018","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","first-page":"287","article-title":"Anterior falcate artery in adults: histology of the relation of superior sagittal sinus, dural vein and the arachnoid granulations","volume":"104","author":"F M\u00fcller","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Anat (Basel)"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"406","article-title":"Anterior ethmoidal artery: microsurgical anatomy and technical considerations","volume":"56","author":"D V White","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200105000-00027","article-title":"Surgical anatomy of the anterior ethmoidal canal in ethmoid roof","volume":"111","author":"H J Moon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000145612","article-title":"Anterior falcate artery in the adult","volume":"102","author":"F 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