{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T03:58:47Z","timestamp":1770782327194,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Certain factors that disturb the tumor microenvironment influence the promotion of tumorigenesis. Detecting gene expression at the protein level is highly valuable and complements the histopathological analysis achieved by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1\u03b1 accomplishes autophagy induction and regulation of autophagy-associated genes. So, this study was carried out to evaluate the tissue protein expression of Beclin-1 and HIF-1\u03b1 using IHC and correlate their expression with the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Immunohistochemical evaluation of Beclin-1 and HIF-1\u03b1 was done in 5 samples of normal oral epithelial tissues and 45 samples of OSCC, which were classified histologically into 15 samples each of well, moderately, and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>According to statistics, normal tissue had the highest values for Beclin-1, while poorly differentiated OSCC had the lowest mean area percentage. HIF-1\u03b1 showed the opposite results. These results indicate that the association of both molecules has a greater role in the transformation from normal to different histopathological grades of OSCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The close association between Beclin-1 and HIF-1\u03b1 identified in the current study confirms hypoxia's critical role in autophagy activation. Moreover, reduced Beclin-1 and elevated HIF-1\u03b1 expression were significantly associated with the histopathological grading of OSCC, supporting their pivotal role in the development and progression of OSCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1806930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:25:33Z","timestamp":1753316733000},"page":"069-076","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic Value of Beclin-1 and HIF-1\u03b1 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8925-7872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia Attia","family":"Radi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Dental Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Oral Histopathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sinai University, Arish Branch, ElArich, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1459-782X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doaa Adel","family":"Habba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Dental Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5820-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seham Ibrahim","family":"Hallool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Dental Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0926-1082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sulaiman Saeed","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0415-8609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanaa Mohamed","family":"Abd Elsamia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Dental Pathology, Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-023-00249-w","article-title":"Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions","volume":"15","author":"Y Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Oral 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