{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:28:00Z","timestamp":1750220880727,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Migraine causes intense pain, significant disability, deficits in attention and memory, slowed information processing, and cognitive disorders. However, it is unclear how migraine, cardiovascular, and cerebral issues impact daily life or relate to future adverse events.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To evaluate the brain activity and autonomic regulation in untreated migraine patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In the present case-control study, we compared untreated migraine patients with healthy controls. The participants underwent cognitive testing (Stroop Color Test, Trail Making Test, Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination, and Reaction Time Test), brain activity measurement (MindWave Mobile), and autonomic regulation assessment via heart rate variability (Polar V800).<\/jats:p><jats:p>No differences were found between the groups in terms of cognitive test scores. However, the healthy controls consistently showed increased variation in brain activity during the cognitive tests, while migraine patients exhibited decreased activity across all tests (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). During the Stroop Color Test, the controls showed a positive change in brain activity (\u0394\u2009=\u20095.12\u2009\u00b1\u20093.64) while the migraine patients showed a negative change (\u0394\u2009=\u2009\u22125.41\u2009\u00b1\u20092.21). In addition, the control group demonstrated a normal autonomic response, with increased sympathetic activity (low-frequency [LF] band: 70.2\u201384.4\u2009Hz) and decreased parasympathetic activity (high-frequency [HF] band: 29.6\u201315.6\u2009Hz) during cognitive tasks (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In contrast, the migraine group showed imbalanced autonomic regulation, characterized by minimal changes in both sympathetic (LF band: 74.0\u201374.8\u2009Hz) and parasympathetic activity (HF band: 25.9\u201325.1\u2009Hz) (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Despite the similar cognitive test scores, migraine patients exhibited reduced variation in brain activity during cognitive tests and an imbalanced autonomic regulation, characterized by decreased sympathetic activity and increased parasympathetic activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1808085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T23:38:29Z","timestamp":1750203509000},"page":"001-008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brain activity and autonomic regulation in untreated migraine patients"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9452-1453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel Oliveira","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Fortaleza, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Curso de Fisioterapia, Fortaleza CE, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4049-5606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Novakovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon College, Exercise Science Department, Exercise Physiology and Integrated Cardiopulmonary Research Group, Batesville AR, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1803-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel K.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VO2 Care, Unidade de Fisioterapia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9067-6084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel S.","family":"Cunha Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Fortaleza, Centro de Ci\u00eancias Tecnol\u00f3gicas, Fortaleza CE, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9057-948X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u00edra O. V.","family":"Rela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Fortaleza, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Curso de Fisioterapia, Fortaleza CE, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7378-4094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayron F.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon College, Exercise Science Department, Exercise Physiology and Integrated Cardiopulmonary Research Group, Batesville AR, United States."},{"name":"VO2 Care, Unidade de Fisioterapia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2019.06.001","article-title":"Migraine: Epidemiology, Burden, and Comorbidity","volume":"37","author":"R C Burch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.11.071","article-title":"Migraine affects 1 in 10 people worldwide featuring recent rise: A systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based studies involving 6 million participants","volume":"372","author":"Y W Woldeamanuel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1590\/S1980-57642012DN06020002","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in migraine: A systematic review","volume":"6","author":"CMd Ara\u00fajo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dement Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6619","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0373-15.2015","article-title":"Migraine: multiple processes, complex pathophysiology","volume":"35","author":"R Burstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30435-0","article-title":"The pathophysiology of migraine: implications for clinical management","volume":"17","author":"A Charles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.08.011","article-title":"Basic mechanisms of migraine and its acute treatment","volume":"136","author":"L Edvinsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.019","article-title":"Analysis of the upper cervical spine stiffness during axial rotation: A comparative study among patients with tension-type headache or migraine and asymptomatic subjects","volume":"42","author":"P-M Dugailly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0933-4","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction and migraine","volume":"19","author":"D Vuralli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04011.x","article-title":"Migraine: a chronic sympathetic nervous system disorder","volume":"44","author":"S J Peroutka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2022.102985","article-title":"The role of the autonomic nervous system in cerebral blood flow regulation in dementia: A review","volume":"240","author":"L C Beishon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg158","article-title":"Different patterns of parasympathetic activation in uni- and bilateral migraineurs","volume":"126","author":"Y Avnon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10484-013-9231-8","article-title":"Autonomic dysregulation in headache patients","volume":"38","author":"J J Gass","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1999.3902108.x","article-title":"Autonomic dysfunction in migraineurs","volume":"39","author":"A Mosek","year":"1999","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1993.hed3310545.x","article-title":"Autonomic function testing in patients with migraine","volume":"33","author":"T Pogacnik","year":"1993","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2000.00124.x","article-title":"Does migraine headache affect cognitive function in the elderly? 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