{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T05:01:16Z","timestamp":1768021276864,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Radiol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Renal vascular lesions are rare and often asymptomatic. They can be congenital or acquired. Congenital lesions include aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). Acquired lesions are usually secondary to trauma or iatrogenic injury and include pseudoaneurysms, AVFs, and vessel transection. Management of renal vascular lesions depends on the location and type of the lesion. AVMs are managed by endovascular embolization of the nidus. It can be done by transarterial route when a single or a few arterial feeders are present. The transvenous route is preferred for complete obliteration of the nidus if multiple arterial feeders and a single collector vein are present. Liquid embolic agents are the preferred embolizing agents in AVMs. Congenital or acquired AVFs are managed by coil embolization. Superselective embolization using coils or n-butyl cyanoacrylate glue is the treatment of choice for aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, and transections involving the segmental renal arteries. Aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms involving the main renal artery are treated by stent graft placement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1809168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:36:58Z","timestamp":1756363018000},"page":"021-030","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spectrum of Endovascular Embolization Techniques for the Treatment of Renal Vascular Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0452-8924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishnu Prasad","family":"Pulappadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santhosh","family":"Poyyamoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nishitha","family":"Singareddyhalli Hanumantharaju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Showkat Ahmad","family":"Banday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suheel ur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7095-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pankaj","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6015-7278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathew","family":"Cherian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1225665","article-title":"Renal vascular lesions: diagnosis and endovascular management","volume":"26","author":"A R Chimpiri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s10024-003-6064-0","article-title":"Congenital bilateral renal arteriovenous malformation: an unrecognized cause of renal failure","volume":"7","author":"W FJ Riedlinger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Dev Pathol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200110000-00005","article-title":"Renal artery aneurysms: a 35-year clinical experience with 252 aneurysms in 168 patients","volume":"234","author":"P K Henke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2020.01.039","article-title":"The Society for Vascular Surgery clinical practice guidelines on the management of visceral aneurysms","volume":"72","author":"R A Chaer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016150124","article-title":"Renal arteriovenous shunts: clinical features, imaging appearance, and transcatheter embolization based on angioarchitecture","volume":"36","author":"M Maruno","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-014-0342-4","article-title":"Management of renal arteriovenous malformations: a pictorial review","volume":"5","author":"A Hatzidakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1549373","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of hemorrhagic complications of interventional radiology procedures","volume":"32","author":"M L Lessne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s00772-013-1303-9","article-title":"Interventional treatment of arterio-venous malformations","volume":"19","author":"W. 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