{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T00:14:33Z","timestamp":1758932073161,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":87,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT\u00ae) is a reliable olfactory test that is easy and quick to apply. It is a one-time use test and its reuse is not recommended by the manufacturer.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Because in high-demand healthcare facilities testing all patients with UPSIT\u00ae can be costly, in this present study we sought to assess the feasibility of reusing the UPSIT.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Two hundred and ninety healthy volunteers aged 18 and 40 without olfactory complaints participated in the study. Two hundred and forty volunteers underwent the UPSIT\u00ae scratching the small strip of the test doing only 2 Z-shaped scratches (\u201c2 Zs\u201d protocol); each UPSIT\u00ae was used 20 times by same-sex participants. The remaining fifty patients performed the UPSIT\u00ae in the standard single-use fashion. Adjusted multiple regressions relating to the olfactory test score, number of times the test was applied, and demographic variables were performed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The mean scores using the UPSIT\u00ae repeatedly were lower than those done in the single-use standard fashion. Despite this, the scores remained stable until the tenth time the test was applied. When patients perform the UPSIT\u00ae in the \u201c2 Zs\u201d protocol, a correction factor of more 3 points was required in the final score.<\/jats:p><jats:p>UPSIT\u00ae reuse up to 10 times is feasible when a 3-point correction factor is added to the final score. The \u201c2 Zs\u201d protocol described is an alternative to reduce costs in epidemiological studies. This study, however, is limited as it was carried out only with healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1810003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T23:31:31Z","timestamp":1758929491000},"page":"001-005","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Is it Possible to Reuse the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT\u00ae)? The \u201c2 Zs\u201d Protocol"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9960-6085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lissa Okamura","family":"Asada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7697-1247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaqueline dos Santos","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0225-1984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisandra Cardoso","family":"Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0192-3387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard Louis","family":"Voegels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2019-9833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio de Rezende","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5213-2337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Aur\u00e9lio","family":"Fornazieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (Londrina Campus), S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Smell and Taste Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020","volume":"58","author":"W J Fokkens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00208","article-title":"Age-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management","volume":"12","author":"K Kondo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front 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