{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T09:58:11Z","timestamp":1772618291179,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Asian J Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a well-documented yet underinvestigated phenomenon, with prevalence estimates ranging from 10 to 40% among all spine surgeries. FBSS contributes significantly to chronic pain and disability, leading to socioeconomic burdens. Studies have emphasized the multifactorial etiology of FBSS, including inadequate decompression, misdiagnosis, iatrogenic injury, and psychosocial contributors. However, there is a scarcity of large-scale, real-world clinical datasets offering multidimensional analysis of FBSS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective study analyses 95 spinal surgeries performed between 2016 and 2024, with a focus on FBSS, defined as persistent or recurrent pain post\u2013spinal surgery. Data include patient demographics, surgical techniques, recurrence rates, and complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The mean patient age was 56.2 years, with a female-to-male ratio of \u223c1.2:1. The leading primary diagnosis was prolapsed intervertebral disc (60%), followed by lumbar canal stenosis (20%), traumatic pathology (10%), and tuberculosis-related or deformity cases (5%). The most frequent surgical procedures included posterior spinal fusion (30%), laminectomy (25%), and discectomy (20%). Approximately 40% of patients experienced full symptomatic relief, 30% reported partial relief, and 30% had unresolved or worsened symptoms. Complication rates included hardware failure (10%), dural tears\/cauda equina syndrome (5%), infections (10%), and implant misplacements (8%). Revision surgery was required in 35% of patients, most commonly due to adjacent segment disease or implant-related failures, with an average interval of 2.3 years between primary and revision procedures. The study underscores the need for preoperative risk stratification, intraoperative precision, and multidisciplinary rehabilitation to mitigate FBSS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1812072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T23:18:23Z","timestamp":1761261503000},"page":"078-086","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Insights and Statistical Analysis of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Multicentric Retrospective Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sarvdeep S.","family":"Dhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4941-7857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Souvik","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surya Teja","family":"Dunga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nrl.0000138733.09406.39","article-title":"Failed back syndrome","volume":"10","author":"S T Onesti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-022-01246-z","article-title":"The current role and future directions of imaging in failed back surgery syndrome patients: an educational review","volume":"13","author":"R L Witkam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","first-page":"TC06","article-title":"Failed back surgery syndrome: evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"11","author":"P K Dhagat","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59071255","article-title":"Failed back surgery syndrome: no longer a surgeon's defeat - a narrative review","volume":"59","author":"G Mi\u0119kisiak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S185221","article-title":"The effect of diabetes on perioperative complications following spinal surgery: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"W Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200609000-00003","article-title":"Failed back surgery syndrome: diagnostic evaluation","volume":"14","author":"R D Guyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s13037-025-00440-4","article-title":"From error to prevention of wrong-level spine surgery: a review","volume":"19","author":"P Javadnia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Patient Saf Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.05.250","article-title":"Discographic, MRI and psychosocial determinants of low back pain disability and remission: a prospective study in subjects with benign persistent back pain","volume":"5","author":"E J Carragee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108902","article-title":"Four-year follow-up of surgical versus non-surgical therapy for chronic low back pain","volume":"69","author":"J I Brox","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.12.033","article-title":"Comparison of single-level and multilevel decompressive laminectomy for multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"111","author":"U Adilay","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref11","first-page":"e57371","article-title":"Revision lumbar spine surgeries: an early career neurosurgery experience","volume":"16","author":"B Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2023-0106","article-title":"Postoperative epidural fibrosis: challenges and opportunities - a review","volume":"8","author":"G Lewik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Spine Surg Relat Res"}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0045-1812072.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T05:32:24Z","timestamp":1772602344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0045-1812072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0045-1812072","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1793-5482","2248-9614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1793-5482","type":"print"},{"value":"2248-9614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]}}}