{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:12:47Z","timestamp":1785222767983,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dental caries and periodontitis are among the most prevalent oral diseases, primarily caused by Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Metabolites from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) expressing human \u03b2-defensin 4 exhibit antimicrobial effects. Chitosan-based hydrogels and hydroxyapatite (HA) have also shown antibacterial potential. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hydrogels combined with SHED metabolites and HA against oral pathogens using amicroculture tetrazolium technique (MTT)-based colorimetric assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Hydrogels were combined with SHED metabolites and\/or HA, then applied to bacterial cultures. Viability was assessed via MTT assay and absorbance was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Welch ANOVA (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The group treated with hydrogel\u2009+\u2009HA\u2009+\u2009SHED metabolites (K4) showed the lowest bacterial viability across all strains, with statistically significant differences (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Hydrogels combined with SHED metabolites and HA demonstrate promising antibacterial properties and may serve as effective agents in preventing oral infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1812497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T23:51:27Z","timestamp":1770162687000},"page":"861-866","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Application of an MTT-Based Colorimetric Assay to Evaluate SHED Metabolites in Inhibiting Oral Bacteria Growth"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2748-680X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oki","family":"Fadhila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0090-9746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rini Devijanti","family":"Ridwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wahidah Tsamara Putri","family":"Yastuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bachelor of Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Yuliati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"},{"name":"Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1363-9121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indeswati","family":"Diyatri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sellyn Angelina","family":"Margaretha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bachelor of Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9392-0241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huda Rashad","family":"Qaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Al-Saeed University, Taiz, Yemen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6311-2534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Aljunaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Thufailah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bachelor of Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 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