{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T23:04:54Z","timestamp":1780959894479,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Colon Rectal Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The growth of the digital age has corresponded with decreased operative experience and concern for low readiness for practice among surgical trainees, allowing for rapidly advancing technology to attempt to fill this educational need, often through independent study. Online platforms provide an accessible, convenient space for trainees and faculty to obtain e-Learning materials, including operative videos, educational podcasts, recorded lectures, and interactive content. Social media continues to grow as a space for dissemination of such materials and for live and ongoing discussion along the continuum from medical students to expert surgeons. More recently, artificial intelligence\u2013based tools are being studied and implemented as methods for self-assessment for surgical trainees for clinical acumen, board examination preparation, and automated review of intraoperative video. Simulation remains an integral component of the independent development of technical skills with ongoing advancement in physical models and the integration of artificial intelligence and extended reality tools. Surgical education will continue to evolve and benefit from the integration of these technologies into traditional learning methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1813685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T23:50:21Z","timestamp":1764892221000},"page":"296-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Self-learning and Simulation in the 21st Century: From Textbooks to ChatGPT"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Darian L.","family":"Hoagland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Abelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182a191ca","article-title":"General surgery residency inadequately prepares trainees for fellowship: results of a survey of fellowship program directors","volume":"258","author":"S G Mattar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2023.11.005","article-title":"Variation in competence of graduating general surgery trainees","volume":"81","author":"A E Thelen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2012.06.005","article-title":"The theoretical base of e-learning and its role in surgical education","volume":"69","author":"E Evgeniou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2016.04.024","article-title":"YouTube is the most frequently used educational video source for surgical preparation","volume":"73","author":"A K Rapp","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2022.05.009","article-title":"The role of online videos in teaching procedural skills in postgraduate medical education: a scoping review","volume":"79","author":"K Srinivasa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10236","article-title":"Systematic review of e-learning for surgical training","volume":"103","author":"H Maertens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2021.11.001","article-title":"The effect of a microlearning module on knowledge acquisition in surgery clerkship students","volume":"79","author":"B A Ichiuji","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2025.103514","article-title":"Out of touch: a nationwide mixed-methods e-learning needs assessment of general surgery residents","volume":"82","author":"J A Roshal","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2012.08.006","article-title":"A survey of study habits of general surgery residents","volume":"70","author":"D D Yeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006408","article-title":"A randomized crossover trial evaluating the impact of cultural dexterity training on surgical residents' knowledge, cross-cultural care, skills, and beliefs: The provider awareness and cultural dexterity training for surgeons (PACTS) trial","volume":"280","author":"D S Smink","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000001142","article-title":"See more, do more, teach more: surgical resident autonomy and the transition to independent practice","volume":"91","author":"D A Hashimoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1718686","article-title":"Role of digital resources in minimally invasive colorectal surgery training","volume":"34","author":"H Paine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000003254","article-title":"Trends and distribution of IPAAs in the United States: becoming harder to find in colon and rectal surgery residency training?","volume":"67","author":"T Peponis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000503","article-title":"Failing to prepare is preparing to fail: a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial to determine the impact of a preoperative instructional video on the ability of residents to perform laparoscopic right colectomy","volume":"59","author":"B P Crawshaw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2018.01.014","article-title":"Is video-based education an effective method in surgical education? A systematic review","volume":"75","author":"A Ahmet","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1177\/15533506221120146","article-title":"Learning surgical skills through video-based education: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"S C Youssef","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1007\/s44186-024-00297-8","article-title":"Novel surgical video-based education resource for surgical case preparation among medical students: results from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"M P Zeller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Global Surg Educ"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12863","article-title":"Multimedia educational tools for cognitive surgical skill acquisition in open and laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"U Shariff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2380","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348211011102","article-title":"Evaluation of the quality, educational value and utility of the videos on YouTube for laparoscopic low anterior resection","volume":"88","author":"E Piskin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4496","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5504-2","article-title":"Training value of laparoscopic colorectal videos on the World Wide Web: a pilot study on the educational quality of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy videos","volume":"31","author":"V Celentano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-024-02891-1","article-title":"Current insights on social media as a tool for the dissemination of research and education in surgery: a narrative review","volume":"54","author":"T Yamamoto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-020-05660-6","article-title":"We asked the experts: emerging role of YouTube surgical videos in education and training","volume":"45","author":"K S Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s44186-024-00301-1","article-title":"Listen up: a systematic review of the utilization and efficacy of podcasts for medical education","volume":"3","author":"K E Caldwell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Global Surg Educ"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2415614","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.15614","article-title":"With great podcasts comes great responsibility","volume":"7","author":"A Grock","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-023-03962-2","article-title":"A scoping review of online teaching in undergraduate surgical training","volume":"86","author":"S Ebrahim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.13572","article-title":"Social media in colorectal surgery","volume":"19","author":"S D Wexner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4986","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-020-07971-0","article-title":"Closed Facebook groups and COVID-19: an evaluation of utilization prior to and during the pandemic","volume":"35","author":"S Docimo Jr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000002159","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in surgery: evolution, trends, and future directions","volume":"111","author":"H Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"20","article-title":"Answering real-world clinical questions using large language model, retrieval-augmented generation, and agentic systems","volume":"11","author":"Y S Low","year":"2025","journal-title":"Digit Health"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref34","first-page":"e137753","article-title":"Employing large language models for surgical education: an in-depth analysis of ChatGPT-4","volume":"22","author":"A HY Siu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Educ"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2023.06.005","article-title":"How appropriate are answers of online chat-based artificial intelligence (ChatGPT) to common questions on colon cancer?","volume":"174","author":"S H Emile","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670-025-02352-5","article-title":"GPT-4 as a board-certified surgeon: a pilot study","volume":"35","author":"J A Roshal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med Sci Educ"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2023.12.014","article-title":"Evaluating capabilities of large language models: performance of GPT-4 on surgical knowledge assessments","volume":"175","author":"B R Beaulieu-Jones","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2024.03.004","article-title":"How I GPT it: development of custom artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots for surgical education","volume":"81","author":"T S Sathe","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpsurg.2024.101701","article-title":"Generative AI & machine learning in surgical education","volume":"63","author":"D A Hla","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Probl Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref40","first-page":"0283","article-title":"Scaling note quality assessment across an academic medical center with AI and GPT-4","volume":"5","author":"J Feldman","year":"2024","journal-title":"NEJM Catal Innov Care Deliv"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-023-10076-z","article-title":"Video-based tools for surgical quality assessment of technical skills in laparoscopic procedures: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"A AJ Gr\u00fcter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.4619","article-title":"Complementing operating room teaching with video-based coaching","volume":"152","author":"Y-Y Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-024-10754-6","article-title":"Current trends and barriers to video management and analytics as a tool for surgeon skilling","volume":"38","author":"S Awshah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003460","article-title":"Computer vision analysis of intraoperative video: automated recognition of operative steps in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy","volume":"270","author":"D A Hashimoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-023-01450-w","article-title":"Automatic surgical phase recognition-based skill assessment in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy using multicenter videos","volume":"27","author":"M Komatsu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s44186-024-00262-5","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and robotic surgical education","volume":"3","author":"R Brian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Global Surg Educ"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4233-7","article-title":"Validity evidence for the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) program as an assessment tool: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"B Zendejas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(00)00339-2","article-title":"Laparoscopic training on bench models: better and more cost effective than operating room experience?","volume":"191","author":"D J Scott","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2019.01.024","article-title":"Advanced laparoscopic skills: understanding the relationship between simulation-based practice and clinical performance","volume":"218","author":"D Nepomnayshy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2024.01.017","article-title":"Use of simulation for training advanced colorectal procedures","volume":"81","author":"J M Clanahan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2014.09.005","article-title":"Simulation training improves resident performance in hand-sewn vascular and bowel anastomoses","volume":"72","author":"J P Egle","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000003685","article-title":"Optimal pouch training: investigating operative and nonoperative needs study","volume":"68","author":"E Steinhagen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2021.0096","article-title":"Simulation for colorectal surgery","volume":"31","author":"G Sankaranarayanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-020-04636-w","article-title":"A low-cost stoma simulator","volume":"36","author":"H Dagash","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sopen.2025.05.001","article-title":"Surgical trainee education in benign anorectal disease: a scoping review","volume":"26","author":"E GR Watson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Surg Open Sci"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-017-1517-7","article-title":"A novel physical colonoscopy simulator based on analysis of data from computed tomography colonography","volume":"47","author":"K Noda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350607302329","article-title":"Design of a proficiency-based skills training curriculum for the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery","volume":"14","author":"E M Ritter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2017","DOI":"10.4293\/JSLS.2017.00002","article-title":"Fabrication of an inexpensive but effective colonoscopic simulator","volume":"21","author":"M W Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061427","article-title":"Training simulators for gastrointestinal endoscopy: current and future perspectives","volume":"13","author":"M Finocchiaro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000000157","article-title":"Democratizing flexible endoscopy training: noninferiority randomized trial comparing a box-trainer vs a virtual reality simulator to prepare for the fundamental of endoscopic surgery exam","volume":"234","author":"P Mascagni","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5697-4","article-title":"Simulation-based mastery learning for endoscopy using the endoscopy training system: a strategy to improve endoscopic skills and prepare for the fundamentals of endoscopic surgery (FES) manual skills exam","volume":"32","author":"E M Ritter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s44186-025-00358-6","article-title":"Educational strategies used in the teaching of transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS): a scoping review","volume":"4","author":"S Carr","year":"2025","journal-title":"Global Surg Educ"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.21037\/ales-24-41","article-title":"Education and training on transanal minimally invasive surgery and transanal total mesorectal excision: a narrative review","volume":"10","author":"P D Garijo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Laparosc Endosc Surg"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102945","article-title":"Virtual reality (VR) as a simulation modality for technical skills acquisition","volume":"71","author":"A K Nassar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-023-02757-7","article-title":"A systematic review of the application of 3D-printed models to colorectal surgical training","volume":"27","author":"G To","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-024-02353-y","article-title":"Developing a phantom for simulating robotic-assisted complete mesocolic excision using 3D printing and medical imaging","volume":"24","author":"P Hertz","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E484","DOI":"10.1503\/cjs.018719","article-title":"Development, manufacture and initial assessment of validity of a 3-dimensional-printed bowel anastomosis simulation training model","volume":"64","author":"K Oxford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-024-04695-8","article-title":"Clinical applications of 3D printing in colorectal surgery: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"A C Habermann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2741\/e844","article-title":"Three-dimensional printing as an educational tool in colorectal surgery","volume":"11","author":"P Bangeas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Elite Ed)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11660","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68578-y","article-title":"Usefulness of three-dimensional printing of superior mesenteric vessels in right hemicolon cancer surgery","volume":"10","author":"Y Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-024-03291-z","article-title":"Validity of a virtual reality-based straight coloanal anastomosis simulator","volume":"20","author":"G Westergaard","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2024-103027","article-title":"Exploring the roles of extended reality technologies in advancing colorectal surgical training","volume":"16","author":"D Atraszkiewicz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-024-03074-3","article-title":"3D-reconstruction printed models and virtual reality improve teaching in oncological colorectal surgery","volume":"29","author":"\u00c1 Garc\u00eda-Granero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-024-11516-0","article-title":"Design and validation of a simulation-based training module for ileo-transverse intracorporeal anastomosis","volume":"39","author":"C Jarry","year":"2025","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0045-1813685.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T22:54:44Z","timestamp":1780959284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0045-1813685"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0045-1813685","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1531-0043","1530-9681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1531-0043","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-9681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]}}}