{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:53:54Z","timestamp":1792688034511,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The present narrative review delves into the multifaceted roles of the cerebellum, highlighting its significance beyond traditional motor functions to encompass cognitive and behavior-related processes, as evidenced by advancements in functional neuroimaging. We provide a comprehensive summary of the cerebellum's embryological development, intricate microanatomy, macroanatomy, and vascular anatomy of the cerebellum, revealing how these aspects contribute to its unique circuitry and operational capabilities. A non-systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed database, focusing on landmark and recent studies addressing the embryology, anatomy, clinical correlations and radiological aspects of the cerebellum. Ultimately, this review underscores the cerebellum's complex structure and diverse function, advocating for a deeper understanding to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for cerebellar disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1814379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T23:54:24Z","timestamp":1766447664000},"page":"001-011","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A journey through the anatomy of the cerebellum"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6347-9413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vitor Gerdulli","family":"Tamanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."},{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Campinas SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1416-955X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphael Pinheiro Camurugy da","family":"Hora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5478-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Gustavo Biondi","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Casa de Montes Claros, Departamento de Neurocirurgia, Montes Claros MG, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2661-4791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Fernando Monte","family":"Borella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Campinas SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2256-4379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiano","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Campinas SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2171-3428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis \u00c1ngel","family":"Canache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Casa de Montes Claros, Departamento de Neurocirurgia, Montes Claros MG, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7303-6512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor Rebelo","family":"Procaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7874-7452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feres","family":"Chaddad-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."},{"name":"Hospital Benefic\u00eancia Portuguesa de S\u00e3o Paulo, Departamento de Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4565-5898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio Moura de","family":"Rezende Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0107-0831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orlando Graziani Povoas","family":"Barsottini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-8894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luiz","family":"Pedroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Cerebellum: Its Anatomy, Functions and Diseases","author":"R Singh","year":"2020"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-015-0715-3","article-title":"The Cerebellum and Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"15","author":"C J Stoodley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npg.els.0000036","volume-title":"Cerebellum: Movement Regulation and Cognitive Functions","author":"J C Houk","year":"2003"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20875","article-title":"Development of the cerebellum and cerebellar neural circuits","volume":"72","author":"M Hibi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.1409","article-title":"Construction of the human forebrain","volume":"8","author":"T L Jernigan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.2012.01348.x","article-title":"Development and evolution of cerebellar neural circuits","volume":"54","author":"M Hashimoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev Growth Differ"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2013.00018","article-title":"Cellular and molecular basis of cerebellar development","volume":"7","author":"S Martinez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Neuroanat"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadg1671","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg1671","article-title":"Atoh1 drives the heterogeneity of the pontine nuclei neurons and promotes their differentiation","volume":"9","author":"S R Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8422","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0911838107","article-title":"Transventricular delivery of Sonic hedgehog is essential to cerebellar ventricular zone development","volume":"107","author":"X Huang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.06.007","article-title":"Ptf1a, a bHLH transcriptional gene, defines GABAergic neuronal fates in cerebellum","volume":"47","author":"M Hoshino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-015-0724-2","article-title":"Consensus Paper: Cerebellar Development","volume":"15","author":"K Leto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-1333-8_4","volume-title":"Roof plate in cerebellar neurogenesis","author":"V V Chizhikov","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1159\/000501238","article-title":"Epidemiology of Dandy-Walker Malformation in Europe: A EUROCAT Population-Based Registry Study","volume":"53","author":"M Santoro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2003.08.010","article-title":"Human malformations of the midbrain and hindbrain: review and proposed classification scheme","volume":"80","author":"M A Parisi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-025-06842-0","article-title":"Dandy-Walker syndrome: an updated literature review","volume":"41","author":"M I Ocampo-Navia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1159\/000120660","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of the Dandy-Walker malformation: 30 years of experience","volume":"18","author":"R K Osenbach","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05367-1","article-title":"Clinical features and genetic analysis of Dandy-Walker syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Y Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1420","article-title":"Heterozygous deletion of the linked genes ZIC1 and ZIC4 is involved in Dandy-Walker malformation","volume":"36","author":"I Grinberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.422","article-title":"FOXC1 is required for normal cerebellar development and is a major contributor to chromosome 6p25.3 Dandy-Walker malformation","volume":"41","author":"K A Aldinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2010.02.015","article-title":"Posthemorrhagic cerebellar disruption mimicking Dandy-Walker malformation: fetal imaging and neuropathology findings","volume":"17","author":"C Limperopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.03962","article-title":"Foxc1 dependent mesenchymal signalling drives embryonic cerebellar growth","volume":"3","author":"P Haldipur","year":"2014","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201648","article-title":"Joubert syndrome (and related disorders) (OMIM 213300)","volume":"15","author":"M A Parisi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389901400605","article-title":"Molar tooth sign in Joubert syndrome: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic significance","volume":"14","author":"B L Maria","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-5-20","article-title":"Joubert Syndrome and related disorders","volume":"5","author":"F Brancati","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102639","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1102639","article-title":"Clinical and genetic characteristics of 36 children with Joubert syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Y Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70136-4","article-title":"Joubert syndrome: congenital cerebellar ataxia with the molar tooth","volume":"12","author":"M Romani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"42","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16951","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1201408109","article-title":"Analysis of human samples reveals impaired SHH-dependent cerebellar development in Joubert syndrome\/Meckel syndrome","volume":"109","author":"A Aguilar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2008.02.026","article-title":"Primary cilia are required for cerebellar development and Shh-dependent expansion of progenitor pool","volume":"317","author":"N Spassky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-9822(01)00585-1","article-title":"Direct imaging of in vivo neuronal migration in the developing cerebellum","volume":"11","author":"R W K\u00f6ster","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4395","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.20.4395","article-title":"The role of the rhombic lip in avian cerebellum development","volume":"126","author":"R JT Wingate","year":"1999","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/s0887-8994(03)00016-x","article-title":"Clinical spectrum associated with cerebellar hypoplasia","volume":"28","author":"E Wassmer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1076\/neur.9.5.402.16555","article-title":"Cerebellar agenesis: clinical, neuropsychological and MR findings","volume":"9","author":"D Timmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2024.07.059","article-title":"Total cerebellar agenesis: A case report of a very rare condition","volume":"19","author":"Z Bouanani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1475","article-title":"Mutations in PTF1A cause pancreatic and cerebellar agenesis","volume":"36","author":"G S Sellick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2014.07.013","article-title":"The human cerebellum: a review of physiologic neuroanatomy","volume":"32","author":"T Roostaei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1159\/000489943","article-title":"Development and Evolution of Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex","volume":"91","author":"D C Van Essen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav Evol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611841","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2020.611841","article-title":"Origins, Development, and Compartmentation of the Granule Cells of the Cerebellum","volume":"14","author":"G G Consalez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"},{"key":"ref38","volume-title":"Organization of the Cerebellum","author":"D Purves","year":"2001","edition":"2nd edition."},{"key":"ref39","volume-title":"Snell's Clinical Neuroanatomy","author":"R Splittgerber","year":"2018","edition":"8th edition."},{"issue":"02","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-012-0417-y","article-title":"Three-dimensional microsurgical anatomy of cerebellar peduncles","volume":"36","author":"P Perrini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1999.0459","article-title":"Three-dimensional MRI atlas of the human cerebellum in proportional stereotaxic space","volume":"10","author":"J D Schmahmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1106","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20190467","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20190467","article-title":"Current concepts of cross-sectional and functional anatomy of the cerebellum: a pictorial review and atlas","volume":"93","author":"V T Lehman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076778","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1076778","article-title":"The art of combining neuroanatomy and microsurgical skills in modern neurosurgery","volume":"13","author":"J C Ahumada-Vizcaino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20240001","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2024.0001","article-title":"Hyperintense lesions of the middle cerebellar peduncle and beyond: a pictorial essay","volume":"57","author":"J VG Tamanini","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiol Bras"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-023-01326-7","article-title":"Anything but Little: a Pictorial Review on Anatomy and Pathology of the Cerebellum","volume":"33","author":"S Dekeyzer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-011-0247-4","article-title":"Topography of cerebellar deficits in humans","volume":"11","author":"G Grimaldi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2024.114933","article-title":"The cerebellum and its connections to other brain structures involved in motor and non-motor functions: A comprehensive review","volume":"465","author":"J M Prati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116624","article-title":"Whole-body somatotopic maps in the cerebellum revealed with 7T fMRI","volume":"211","author":"Y Boillat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0134933","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134933","article-title":"Single session imaging of cerebellum at 7\u2009Tesla: obtaining structure and function of multiple motor subsystems in individual subjects","volume":"10","author":"M A Batson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3330","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01117.2009","article-title":"Evidence of a novel somatopic map in the human neocerebellum during complex actions","volume":"103","author":"J E Schlerf","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.01.040","article-title":"Current advances in lesion-symptom mapping of the human cerebellum","volume":"162","author":"D Timmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000152156.90779.89","article-title":"fMRI reveals two distinct cerebral networks subserving speech motor control","volume":"64","author":"A Riecker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.100.4.443","article-title":"Does the cerebellum contribute to mental skills?","volume":"100","author":"H C Leiner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125606","article-title":"Cerebellum and nonmotor function","volume":"32","author":"P L Strick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0500-9","article-title":"Cognitive functions in patients with MR-defined chronic focal cerebellar lesions","volume":"254","author":"S Richter","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2008.02.009","article-title":"Evaluation of language functions in acute cerebellar vascular diseases","volume":"17","author":"R Karaci","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.5.1051","article-title":"The cerebellum contributes to higher functions during development: evidence from a series of children surgically treated for posterior fossa tumours","volume":"123","author":"D Riva","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.5.1041","article-title":"Neuropsychological consequences of cerebellar tumour resection in children: cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome in a paediatric population","volume":"123","author":"L Levisohn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-016-0828-3","article-title":"Arteries and Veins of the Cerebellum","volume":"16","author":"M Delion","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410330507","article-title":"The clinical and topographic spectrum of cerebellar infarcts: a clinical-magnetic resonance imaging correlation study","volume":"33","author":"A Barth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.27.9.1679","article-title":"Infarction of superior cerebellar artery presenting as cerebellar symptoms","volume":"27","author":"S Terao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1159\/000084496","article-title":"Lesion patterns and etiology of ischemia in superior cerebellar artery territory infarcts","volume":"19","author":"E Kumral","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.11.118","article-title":"Clinical Study of Seven Patients with Infarction in Territories of the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery","volume":"26","author":"K Ogawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1998.tb00642.x","article-title":"The anterior inferior cerebellar artery infarcts: a clinical-magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"97","author":"J Roquer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.070","article-title":"In vivo visualization of the PICA perfusion territory with super-selective pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling MRI","volume":"83","author":"N S Hartkamp","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3005","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.49137","article-title":"Clinical Importance of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: A Review of the Literature","volume":"17","author":"H L Miao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001060","DOI":"10.1161\/SVIN.123.001060","article-title":"Functional Cerebral Venous Anatomy: A Perspective on Venous Collaterals Part II, Infratentorial Venous System","volume":"4","author":"T Ota","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Intervent Neurol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680515","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.680515","article-title":"Posterior Fossa Venous Drainage","volume":"12","author":"M A De Miquel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-45598-8","volume-title":"Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Technique","author":"M R Harrigan","year":"2023","edition":"4th edition."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"V.3:721","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23810-0_27","volume-title":"Radiographic Features of Cerebellar Disease: Imaging Approach to Differential Diagnosis","author":"O Rapalino","year":"2022","edition":"2nd edition."},{"issue":"02","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-012-0405-3","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers in patients with progressive ataxia: current status and future direction","volume":"12","author":"S Currie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.08.039","article-title":"Functional topography in the human cerebellum: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies","volume":"44","author":"C J Stoodley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/14734220701496448","article-title":"Cerebellar contributions to cognitive functions: a progress report after two decades of research","volume":"6","author":"D Timmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.4.561","article-title":"The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome","volume":"121","author":"J D Schmahmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0045-1814379.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T23:54:28Z","timestamp":1766447668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0045-1814379"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["s00451814379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0045-1814379","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-282X","1678-4227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-282X","type":"print"},{"value":"1678-4227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}}}