{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T23:11:03Z","timestamp":1778281863601,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Asian J Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sinus pericranii (SP) is a rare vascular malformation characterized by abnormal communication between intracranial and extracranial venous systems. Often asymptomatic and presenting as a soft, nonpulsatile scalp mass, SP can be mistaken for other scalp anomalies, such as scalp arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), due to overlapping clinical features. This case of a 4-year-old girl successfully treated for a giant SP is reported to illustrate the findings of a comprehensive systematic literature review. This review was conducted according to the \u201cPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews\u201d guidelines. Relevant studies (1985\u20132025) reporting patients with SP were identified from PubMed\/MEDLINE databases. A total of 65 studies reporting 82 SP patients were included in this study. The median age was 8 years, ranging from 4 months to 72 years, with a male predominance of 61.0% (n\u2009=\u200950). No contributing factors were reported in most cases (67.1%, n\u2009=\u200955). However, craniosynostosis and recent trauma were reported as contributing factors to the development of SP in 7.3% (n\u2009=\u20096) and 18.3% (n\u2009=\u200915), respectively. Frontal (37.8%, n\u2009=\u200931), parietal (32.9%, n\u2009=\u200927), and occipital (13.4%, n\u2009=\u200911) were the most reported locations of SP. The median follow-up duration was 24 months (3\u201396). This is the first systematic review of the SP, where the authors highlight, by data synthesis, the clinical presentation, dural sinus involvement, management, and outcome of this rare but challenging pathology. Without management guidelines, its treatment choice is still based on the surgeon's experience. This reality calls for action for an evidence-based study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0046-1815944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T23:56:36Z","timestamp":1770162996000},"page":"205-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sinus Pericranii: Systematic Review with a Case Illustration"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8166-720X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hind","family":"E.L Azzazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5956-2070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao Christian Hugues","family":"Dokponou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8918-1041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahjouba","family":"Boutarbouch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","first-page":"70","article-title":"Sinus pericranii: early infant diagnosis","volume":"35","author":"M Lubi\u00e1n-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol Engl Ed"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.9.PEDS13641","article-title":"Sinus pericranii: diagnosis and management in 21 pediatric patients","volume":"15","author":"M Pavanello","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2011.30.3.411","article-title":"Sonographic features of sinus pericranii in 4 pediatric patients","volume":"30","author":"Y J Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.7461\/jcen.2019.21.3.163","article-title":"Symptomatic sinus pericranii with adult onset headache: a case report with pathologic perspective","volume":"21","author":"Y S Chung","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.05.161","article-title":"Scalp arteriovenous malformation (cirsoid aneurysm) in adolescence: report of 2 cases and review of the literature","volume":"116","author":"D Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-007-0211-7","article-title":"Sinus pericranii: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in 15 patients","volume":"49","author":"C Gandolfo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-015-0554-5","article-title":"Sinus pericranii and myoclonic epilepsy: novel features of 3q29 microdeletion syndrome","volume":"116","author":"D Samanta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Belg"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-017-3507-x","article-title":"Extremely large sinus pericranii with involvement of the torcular and associated with Crouzon's syndrome","volume":"33","author":"F H Sanders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-017-3592-x","article-title":"Dynamic morphological changes of thrombosed lateral sinus pericranii revealed by serial magnetic resonance images","volume":"34","author":"M Ryorin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2006.10.025","article-title":"Spontaneous involution of two sinus pericranii - a unique case and review of the literature","volume":"15","author":"W M Rozen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e166","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1333423","article-title":"Sinus pericranii in the left frontal region involving the superior eyelid: a case report","volume":"74","author":"G Grahovac","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(89)90144-4","article-title":"Lateral situated sinus pericranii. 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