{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:50:12Z","timestamp":1774313412168,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":81,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological emergency that occurs in children and adults. It can be treated with different antiseizure medications (ASMs). Benzodiazepines represent the first line of treatment. If seizure activity does not cease, it is a common clinical practice to prescribe the patient either phenytoin (PHT), levetiracetam, or valproate. For decades, PHT has remained a cornerstone in the treatment of certain types of seizures, despite the emergence of newer agents such as levetiracetam. The current article explores the ongoing relevance of phenytoin, its unique advantages over levetiracetam in specific contexts, and the importance of individualized treatment in epilepsy management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0046-1817049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T23:55:01Z","timestamp":1774310101000},"page":"001-003","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phenytoin should not be retired: cost-effectiveness, efficacy, and experience*"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9411-3465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Servi\u00e7o de Neurologia, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil."},{"name":"Hospital Fel\u00edcio Rocho, N\u00facleo Avan\u00e7ado do Tratamento das Epilepsias, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9531","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69043-0","article-title":"Incidence, cause, and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in childhood: prospective population-based study","volume":"368","author":"R F Chin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CCC.2022.07.006","article-title":"Status Epilepticus: A Neurologic Emergency","volume":"39","author":"P J Coppler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1111\/EPI.13121","article-title":"A definition and classification of status epilepticus\u2013Report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification of Status 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Glauser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18515","DOI":"10.7759\/CUREUS.18515","article-title":"Treating Status Epilepticus: Phenytoin Versus Levetiracetam","volume":"13","author":"J Dell'Aquila","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2013.12.007","article-title":"The relative effectiveness of five antiepileptic drugs in treatment of benzodiazepine-resistant convulsive status epilepticus: a meta-analysis of published studies","volume":"23","author":"Z Yasiry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1093\/BRAIN\/AWAB049","article-title":"Advances in the management of generalized convulsive status epilepticus: what have we learned?","volume":"144","author":"A Neligan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30724-X","article-title":"Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for second-line treatment of paediatric convulsive status epilepticus (EcLiPSE): a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial","volume":"393","author":"M D Lyttle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30722-6","article-title":"Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for second-line treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in children (ConSEPT): an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial","volume":"393","author":"S R Dalziel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30611-5","article-title":"Efficacy of levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate for established status epilepticus by age group (ESETT): a double-blind, responsive-adaptive, randomised controlled trial","volume":"395","author":"J M Chamberlain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-25.1.4","article-title":"Status Epilepticus: The Slow and Agonizing Death of Phenytoin","volume":"25","author":"E A Hall","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111393","DOI":"10.1016\/J.FCT.2020.111393","article-title":"Phenytoin - An anti-seizure drug: Overview of its chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"142","author":"J Patocka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-824315-2.00741-7","volume-title":"Phenytoin","author":"P 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