{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T23:44:33Z","timestamp":1776469473612,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":75,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the functional outcomes of surgical decompression for tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) and to explore the clinical relevance of diagnostic tests such as electromyography (EMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a retrospective single-center study of 15 patients with clinically diagnosed TTS who underwent open decompression (2015\u20132022). All had failed conservative management and completed \u2265 12 months of follow-up. Preoperative evaluation combined clinical exams with at least one confirmatory test (EMG, MRI, or ultrasound). Outcomes included the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society's (AOFAS) ankle\u2013hindfoot score (primary), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain, minimal clinically important difference (MCID), and complications. The analysis used paired t-tests, Cohen's d, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), adjusting for baseline AOFAS, age, symptom duration, and EMG results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The mean age was 50.4\u2009\u00b1\u200915.6 years; and 53.3% of the patients were female. Symptom duration averaged 14.7\u2009\u00b1\u20097.2 months. The EMG scans were positive in 66.7%, MRI in 60.0%, and ultrasound in 53.3%. The AOFAS score improved from 36.6\u2009\u00b1\u20097.1 to 78.1\u2009\u00b1\u200919.9 at 12 months (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; d\u2009=\u20092.26), and VAS decreased from 7.0\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6 to 3.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; d\u2009=\u2009\u22123.72). The MCID was achieved in 80% for AOFAS and 100% for VAS. Two minor complications (13.3%) occurred, without need for reoperations. The ANCOVA suggested trends for baseline severity and chronicity without significance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Surgical decompression is a safe and effective treatment for TTS, providing significant pain relief and functional improvement with low complication rates. Early intervention shows a trend toward better outcomes, warranting further prospective studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0046-1819577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T23:10:23Z","timestamp":1776467423000},"page":"001-007","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional Outcomes after Surgical Decompression for Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1285-3666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Antonio","family":"Casares Tamayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9417-6207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan Antonio","family":"Casares Castellanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7799-124X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Endara Urresta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Arthros, Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1474-5295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Pe\u00f1aherrera Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitaci\u00f3n Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (LGII), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8480-9218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Barros Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.6.210031","article-title":"Tarsal tunnel syndrome: current rationale, indications and results","volume":"6","author":"E C Rodr\u00edguez-Merch\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-1559-1","article-title":"Results of ultrasound-guided release of tarsal tunnel syndrome: a review of 81 cases with a minimum follow-up of 18 months","volume":"15","author":"A Iborra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2024.102489","article-title":"The management of tarsal tunnel syndrome: A scoping review","volume":"54","author":"I I Haq","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007241232663","article-title":"Postoperative Outcomes Between Positive and Negative Electrodiagnosis in Patients With Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: A Retrospective Comparative Study","volume":"45","author":"C Rungprai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.2176\/jns-nmc.2022-0245","article-title":"Patient Satisfaction with Surgery for Tarsal- and Carpal- Tunnel Syndrome - Comparative Study","volume":"63","author":"R Kokubo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome","author":"J Kiel","year":"2025"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10143065","article-title":"Ultrasound-Guided Near-Nerve Needle Sensory Technique for the Diagnosis of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome","volume":"10","author":"L Vega-Zelaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302400108","article-title":"Evaluation of the validity of the AOFAS Clinical Rating Systems by correlation to the SF-36","volume":"24","author":"N F SooHoo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2006.12.002","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the subjective component of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society clinical rating scales","volume":"46","author":"T Ibrahim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2007.02.003","article-title":"Responsiveness and minimal important change for the Manchester-Oxford foot questionnaire (MOXFQ) compared with AOFAS and SF-36 assessments following surgery for hallux valgus","volume":"15","author":"J Dawson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-24-81","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous flexor retinaculum release of the ankle: an anatomical study","volume":"14","author":"X Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2021.10.014","article-title":"Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: Outcome According to Etiology","volume":"61","author":"M Lalev\u00e9e","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37539","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.37539","article-title":"Clinical Results Following Conservative Management of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Compared With Surgical Treatment: A Systematic Review","volume":"14","author":"N Vij","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12202071","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided approach to the distal tarsal tunnel: anatomical considerations and clinical implications","volume":"12","author":"A Fern\u00e1ndez-Gibello","year":"2024","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24963","article-title":"Nerve ultrasound in electrophysiologically verified tarsal tunnel syndrome","volume":"53","author":"D Samarawickrama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309499020971868","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499020971868","article-title":"Comparison of tunnel ligament release instrument assisted minimally open surgery and conventional open surgery in the treatment of tarsal tunnel syndrome","volume":"28","author":"E G\u00fclta\u00e7","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20893","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020893","article-title":"Tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by posterior facet talocalcaneal coalition: A case report","volume":"99","author":"C H Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35455","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.35455","article-title":"The Course of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome after Ultrasound-Guided Injections","volume":"14","author":"K Atesok","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731747","article-title":"Predictive Outcome Modeling of Preoperative Clinical Symptoms and Electrodiagnostic Data in Tarsal Tunnel Surgery","volume":"16","author":"G K Seidel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6719","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000006719","article-title":"Pilot Study: Innovative Minimally Invasive Tarsal Tunnel Release for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients Minimizing Drawbacks","volume":"13","author":"H KE Ngiam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13070841","article-title":"Indications, Functional Outcomes, Return to Sport and Complications of Anterior and Lateral Approaches for Total Ankle Arthroplasty: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"13","author":"M Mercurio","year":"2025","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnp.2020.06.002","article-title":"Ultrasound-assisted near nerve method in nerve conduction study for the diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome. A case report","volume":"5","author":"H Nakano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol Pract"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2024.102489","article-title":"The management of tarsal tunnel syndrome: A scoping review","volume":"54","author":"I I Haq","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"}],"container-title":["Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia"],"original-title":[],"language":"pt","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0046-1819577.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T23:10:24Z","timestamp":1776467424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0046-1819577"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["s00461819577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0046-1819577","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0102-3616","1982-4378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0102-3616","type":"print"},{"value":"1982-4378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}}}