{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:03:15Z","timestamp":1784674995100,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":50,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dystonia is a large-scale motor network disorder involving the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and thalamus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigated the volumetric characteristics of thalamic subnuclei in patients with isolated cervical (CD) and upper limb (ULD) dystonias, and their relationship with disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed high-resolution T1-weighted MR-images from the OpenNeuro database. The sample included 37 healthy controls, 25 CD, and 29 ULD patients. Thalamic nuclei were automatically segmented using the DeepThalamus pipeline. Group differences were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), controlling for age, sex, and total intracranial volume (TIV). Relationships between disease severity and volumetry were assessed using Spearman's correlation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A volumetric reduction trend was observed in the CD group compared with controls, particularly in the left lateral geniculate, right ventral lateral posterior, and right intermediate nuclei. Although statistical significance remained borderline after FDR correction (p\u2009=\u20090.078), high Cohen's values (d\u2009&gt;\u20091.4) were detected. In contrast, thalamic volumes were largely preserved in the ULD group. Correlation analyses showed that increased disease severity was associated with decreased volumes of the mammillothalamic tract in the CD group and the anterior ventral nuclei in the ULD group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Observed volumetric trends may provide preliminary insights into the role of specific thalamic substructures in cervical dystonia pathophysiology. Further studies in larger cohorts, supported by functional and diffusion imaging, are needed to clarify these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0046-1825521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:53:27Z","timestamp":1784674407000},"page":"001-008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distinct thalamic volumetric profiles in cervical and upper limb dystonia"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"84","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7739-9844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"Yi\u011fit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cappadocia University, Vocational Health School, Nev\u015fehir, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8071-4078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulkerim","family":"G\u00f6ko\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Konya State Educating & Teaching Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13762","article-title":"Dystonia: diagnosis and management","volume":"26","author":"A Albanese","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7916\/D80C4TGJ","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of cervical dystonia","volume":"3","author":"G Defazio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (NY)"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.3390\/life11080776","article-title":"Dystonia and Cerebellum: From Bench to Bedside","volume":"11","author":"R Morigaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2011.01.026","article-title":"The functional neuroanatomy of dystonia","volume":"42","author":"V K Neychev","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.11.062","article-title":"Dystonia as a network disorder: what is the role of the cerebellum?","volume":"260","author":"C N Prudente","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00038.2025","article-title":"Neuroscience of human ventral lateral thalamic nucleus related to movement and movement disorders","volume":"134","author":"F A Lenz","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocpiqo.2022.01.001","article-title":"Effectiveness of Thalamic Ventralis Oralis Anterior and Posterior Nuclei Deep Brain Stimulation for Posttraumatic Dystonia","volume":"6","author":"R L Owen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2025.108096","article-title":"Striatal compartment and white matter alterations in focal dystonia Subtypes: An MRI study","volume":"141","author":"A JM Paulo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fcaf026","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaf026","article-title":"Multidimensional structural analyses revealed a correlation between thalamic atrophy and white matter degeneration in idiopathic dystonia","volume":"7","author":"J Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fcae117","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcae117","article-title":"Progressive thalamic nuclear atrophy in blepharospasm and blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia","volume":"6","author":"J Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71774","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.71774","article-title":"The OpenNeuro resource for sharing of neuroscience data","volume":"10","author":"C J Markiewicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25934","article-title":"What's special about task in dystonia? A voxel-based morphometry and diffusion weighted imaging study","volume":"29","author":"R A Ramdhani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.06.004","article-title":"Isolated focal dystonia phenotypes are associated with distinct patterns of altered microstructure","volume":"19","author":"B D Berman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2417617122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2417617122","article-title":"Engaging dystonia networks with subthalamic stimulation","volume":"122","author":"K Butenko","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2021.06.008","article-title":"Motor and non-motor subtypes of cervical dystonia","volume":"88","author":"M Costanzo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13376","article-title":"Current Guidelines for Classifying and Diagnosing Cervical Dystonia: Empirical Evidence and Recommendations","volume":"9","author":"G Kilic-Berkmen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0046-1825521.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:53:28Z","timestamp":1784674408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0046-1825521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["s00461825521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0046-1825521","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-282X","1678-4227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-282X","type":"print"},{"value":"1678-4227","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}