{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T23:15:18Z","timestamp":1788045318913,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in esthetic dentistry; however, its accuracy in predicting post-prosthetic facial outcomes in edentulous patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of AI models to simulate post-denture facial esthetics compared with actual clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A prospective within-subject observational study was conducted on 14 completely edentulous patients receiving new complete dentures. Standardized facial photographs were obtained pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1). AI-generated images were produced from T0 photographs using Gemini (G-P) and FaceApp (FA-P). Outcomes included patient preference, expert esthetic evaluation, and quantitative facial anthropometric measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Nonnormally distributed paired facial measurements were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Differences among image types and expert panel scores were analyzed using the Friedman test (two-way analysis of variance by ranks), with post hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests where applicable. Participant preferences were assessed using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test. Statistical significance was set at p \u22640.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>No significant differences were found in patient preferences (p\u2009=\u20090.247) and in expert evaluations between actual and AI-generated images (p\u2009=\u20090.316), with high inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient &gt;0.85). Anthropometric analysis revealed significant differences across most variables (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in oral commissure width, upper and lower lip height, and lower facial height. AI-generated images showed partial agreement but significant deviations in magnitude, particularly in FA-P, which were exaggerated. Bilateral comparison of commissure height showed no significant differences (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), indicating preserved facial symmetry across all conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>AI-generated simulations provide esthetically comparable representations to actual outcomes; however, they lack quantitative accuracy in reproducing facial anthropometric changes. While AI may serve as a useful adjunct for patient communication and visualization, it cannot replace clinically driven prosthodontic assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0046-1827191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T22:32:41Z","timestamp":1788042761000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Artificial Intelligence Models in Predicting Post-Prosthetic Facial Esthetics in Edentulous Patients: Clinical and Anthropometric Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3805-6646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rania","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5516-0795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mostafa I.","family":"Fayad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2657-8862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar M.","family":"Alaryani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1594-0083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faisal Suliman","family":"Altamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9743-9687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elaf","family":"Barri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leen Ahmed","family":"Qarras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6855-3256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa","family":"Kothayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.11.022","article-title":"Global and regional patterns in edentulism (1990-2021) with predictions to 2040","volume":"75","author":"H M Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"e1965","article-title":"Quality of life in edentulous patients: the role of dentures","volume":"17","author":"A Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"DELOS Desarro Local Sosten"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61061104","article-title":"From conventional to smart prosthetics: redefining complete denture therapy through technology and regenerative science","volume":"61","author":"A Bors","year":"2025","journal-title":"Medicina 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