{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T19:30:05Z","timestamp":1771011005230,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic tissue, able to change its mass and\n                    functional properties in response to several stimuli. Skeletal muscle mass is\n                    influenced by the balance between protein synthesis and breakdown, which is\n                    regulated by several signaling pathways. The relative contribution of\n                    Akt\/mTOR signaling, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, autophagy among other\n                    signaling pathways to protein turnover and, therefore, to skeletal muscle mass,\n                    differs depending on the wasting or loading condition and muscle type. By\n                    modulating mitochondria biogenesis, PGC-1\u03b1 has a major role in the\n                    cell\u2019s bioenergetic status and, thus, on protein turnover. In fact,\n                    rates of protein turnover regulate differently the levels of distinct protein\n                    classes in response to atrophic or hypertrophic stimuli. Mitochondrial protein\n                    turnover rates may be enhanced in wasting conditions, whereas the increased\n                    turnover of myofibrillar proteins triggers muscle mass gain. The present review\n                    aims to update the knowledge on the molecular pathways implicated in the\n                    regulation of protein turnover in skeletal muscle, focusing on how distinct\n                    muscle proteins may be modulated by lifestyle interventions with emphasis on\n                    exercise training. The comprehensive analysis of the anabolic effects of\n                    exercise programs will pave the way to the tailored management of muscle wasting\n                    conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2044-8277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:17:25Z","timestamp":1677629845000},"page":"763-777","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Protein Turnover in Skeletal Muscle: Looking at Molecular Regulation\n                    towards an Active Lifestyle"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Rita Pinho","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro,\n                    Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jose Alberto","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TOXRUN \u2013 Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of\n                    Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"CIAFEL, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto and Laboratory for\n                    Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto,\n                    Portugal"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13575","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222413575","article-title":"Metabolomics as an important tool for determining the mechanisms of human\n                    skeletal muscle deconditioning","volume":"22","author":"I Alldritt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.11.049","article-title":"Muscle RING-Finger protein-1 (MuRF1) as a connector of muscle energy metabolism\n                    and protein synthesis","volume":"376","author":"S Koyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91375.2008","article-title":"Regulatory mechanisms of skeletal muscle protein turnover during exercise","volume":"106","author":"A J Rose","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000117","article-title":"Skeletal muscle remodeling: Interconnections between stem cells and protein\n                    turnover","volume":"45","author":"N A Burd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exerc Sport Sci Rev"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21893","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202101096R","article-title":"Fusion and beyond: Satellite cell contributions to loading-induced skeletal\n                    muscle adaptation","volume":"35","author":"K A Murach","year":"2021","journal-title":"Faseb J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2012.02.002","article-title":"Role of satellite cells in muscle growth and maintenance of muscle mass","volume":"23","author":"G Pallafacchina","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1383","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00022.2009","article-title":"Properties of easily releasable myofilaments: are they the first step in\n                    myofibrillar protein turnover?","volume":"296","author":"G Neti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5341","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.273615","article-title":"CrossTalk proposal: The dominant mechanism causing disuse muscle atrophy is\n                    decreased protein synthesis","volume":"592","author":"S M Phillips","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2005.04.009","article-title":"Altered responses in skeletal muscle protein turnover during aging in anabolic\n                    and catabolic periods","volume":"37","author":"D Attaix","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11791","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68475-9","article-title":"Easily releasable myofilaments from skeletal and cardiac muscles maintained in\n                    vitro. 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