{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T01:52:41Z","timestamp":1772848361288,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Synthesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Carbon\u2013carbon and carbon\u2013heteroatom coupling reactions are among the most important transformations in organic synthesis as they enable complex structures to be formed from readily available compounds under different routes and conditions. Several metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have been developed creating many efficient methods accessible for the direct formation of new bonds between differently hybridized carbon atoms.<\/jats:p><jats:p>During the last decade, much effort has been devoted towards improvement of the sustainability of these reactions, such as catalyst recovery and atom efficiency. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be used as a medium, as solid-liquid phase transfer catalyst, or even as a polymer support. PEG has been investigated in a wide variety of cross-coupling reactions either as an alternative solvent to the common organic solvents or as a support for catalyst, substrate, and ligand. In this review we will summarize the different roles of PEG in palladium- and copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, with the focus on Heck, Suzuki\u2013Miyaura, Sonogashira, Buchwald\u2013Hartwig, Stille, Fukuyama, and homocoupling reactions. We will highlight the role of PEG, the preparation of PEGylated catalysts and substrates, and the importance for the reaction outcome and applicability.<\/jats:p><jats:p>1 \tIntroduction<\/jats:p><jats:p>2 \tPEG in Heck Reactions<\/jats:p><jats:p>3 \tPEG in Homocoupling Reactions<\/jats:p><jats:p>4 \tPEG in Suzuki\u2013Miyaura Reactions<\/jats:p><jats:p>5 \tPEG in Sonogashira Reactions<\/jats:p><jats:p>6 \tPEG in Buchwald\u2013Hartwig Reactions<\/jats:p><jats:p>7 \tPEG in Stille Reactions<\/jats:p><jats:p>8 \tPEG in Fukuyama Reactions<\/jats:p><jats:p>9 \tPEG in Miscellaneous Cross-Coupling Routes<\/jats:p><jats:p>10 \tConclusions<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1589498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]],"date-time":"2017-04-26T22:58:55Z","timestamp":1493247535000},"page":"2337-2350","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The Role of PEG on Pd- and Cu-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Marina","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Purifica\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]]},"container-title":["Synthesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0036-1589498.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T18:50:24Z","timestamp":1557168624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0036-1589498"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0036-1589498","relation":{},"ISSN":["0039-7881","1437-210X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0039-7881","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-210X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]]}}}