{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T10:48:16Z","timestamp":1758192496596,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Necmettin Erbakan University Press","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pediatr Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mycetoma is a chronic, localized, slowly progressive, granulomatous infection of the skin that may progress to subcutaneous tissue, muscle and bone. It is an infrequent manifestation of Nocardia infection that predominantly occurs on the lower extremities.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A previously healthy, 17-year-old boy presented to us with a 3-month history of scalp abscesses. On physical examination he had numerous, large left parietal and occipital inflammatory nodules on the scalp covered by alopecic skin and several sinuses discharging a purulent and serosanguinous material. He underwent a CT-scan and an MRI of the skull that revealed signs of cranial osteomyelitis and epidural empyema. Polymerase chain reaction assay of the purulent exudate was performed and identified Nocardia nova. The patient was discharged from the hospital after 8 weeks of antibiotherapy with meropenem and TMP-SMX with clinical, laboratorial and imaging improvement. He completed 12 months of outpatient oral therapy with TMP-SMX, after which cranial CT-scan showed a significant reduction of soft tissue thickening and bone reconstitution, with no relapses after stopping the treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The best antibiotic regimen and length of treatment are not established for the management of nocardiosis. This is an unusual and severe presentation of infection by Nocardia nova with extent to the bone and epidural space, with full recovery under standard antibiotic therapy. This case shows that a good outcome may be achieved with prolonged antimicrobial treatment in an immunocompetent patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T18:30:17Z","timestamp":1624732217000},"page":"303-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Case Report of Mycetoma and Cranial Osteomyelitis by Nocardia nova"],"prefix":"10.53391","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7500-2719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Vilardouro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Santa Maria Hospital, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Micoloy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine Jo\u00e3o Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Alpalh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine Jo\u00e3o Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinic of Dermatology, Santa Maria Hospital, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Micoloy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine Jo\u00e3o Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Infectious Diseases, Santa Maria Hospital, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Filipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Micoloy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine Jo\u00e3o Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinic of Dermatology, Santa Maria Hospital, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"31409","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S1201-9712(03)90102-0","article-title":"Nocardiosis: a review","volume":"7","author":"M E Corti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04554.x","article-title":"Cutaneous nocardiosis: report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"49","author":"R Dodiuk-Gad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12107","article-title":"Actinomycetoma of the scalp due to Nocardia brasiliensis: case report and review of the literature","volume":"54","author":"M Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.04874.x","article-title":"Actinomycetoma of the scalp after a car accident","volume":"50","author":"O Welsh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","first-page":"754","article-title":"Epidemiology and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of the main Nocardia species in Spain","volume":"72","author":"S Valdezate","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(85)70154-5","article-title":"Cutaneous nocardiosis. 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