{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T19:30:58Z","timestamp":1762543858490,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction\u2003Clinical and pathological staging plays an important role on the prognosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003The present study aims to compare clinical and pathological T, N and overall staging in patients with HNC, to identify factors associated with these discrepancies, and to analyze and compare survival or disease-free survival in staging disagreements.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003Retrospective cohort including every patient submitted to neck dissection from January 2010 to December 2020 in the department of Otorhinolaryngology of a tertiary hospital center.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003A total of 79 patients were analyzed; their mean age was 58.52\u2009\u00b1\u200913.15 years old and 88.9% were male. Assessing overall staging, discrepancies were noted in 53% (36.4% upstaging and 16.6% downstaging) and were significantly associated with clinical overall staging (p\u2009=\u20090.006). Regarding T staging, differences were noted in 45.5% (30.3% upstaging and 15.2% downstaging) and were significantly associated with imaging modality (p\u2009=\u20090.016), clinical T staging (p\u2009=\u20090.049), and histology (p\u2009=\u20090.017). Discrepancies in N staging were noted in 38% (25.3% upstaging and 12.7% downstaging) and were significantly associated with age (p\u2009=\u20090.013), clinical N staging (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and presence of extranodal invasion (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Both in Overall, T, and N staging, the aforementioned disagreements were not associated with either higher mortality or higher disease relapse.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Overall, T, and N staging disagree in an important number of cases, and the overall stage can disagree in up to 53% of the cases. These disagreements do not seem to influence overall and disease-free survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1758208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T00:12:57Z","timestamp":1694736777000},"page":"e571-e578","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of Clinical and Pathological Staging in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer After Neck Dissection"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6485-6786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Viana","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, EPE, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology, Surgery and Physiology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Servi\u00e7os de Sa\u00fade (CINTESIS), Porto University, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1944-829X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mafalda Martins","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, EPE, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology, Surgery and Physiology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2739-4367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, EPE, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology, Surgery and Physiology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5545-2720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Vales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, EPE, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology, Surgery and Physiology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7291-6163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla Pinto","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, EPE, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S. Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.12.014","article-title":"Estimates of cancer incidence and mortality in Europe in 2008","volume":"46","author":"J Ferlay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/00001622-200405000-00008","article-title":"Head and neck tumors other than squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"16","author":"L Licitra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0289","article-title":"Changes in survival in head and neck cancers in the late 20th and early 21st century: a period analysis","volume":"15","author":"D Pulte","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2015.03.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of head and neck cancer","volume":"24","author":"E M Rettig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soc.2015.03.012","article-title":"Imaging for head and neck cancer","volume":"24","author":"J Abraham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Oncol Clin N Am"},{"volume-title":"AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th edition","year":"2017","author":"M B Amin","key":"ref6"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2018-0020","article-title":"Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Pathological Lymph Node Staging Data in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated at the General Hospital Vienna","volume":"52","author":"C Eder-Czembirek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otorri.2017.02.008","article-title":"Discrepancy between clinical and pathological neck staging in oral cavity carcinomas","volume":"69","author":"V Henriques","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed)"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2009.123","article-title":"Comparison of clinical and pathological staging in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: results from Intergroup Study ECOG 4393\/RTOG 9614","volume":"135","author":"W M Koch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2016.07.004","article-title":"Clinical and histopathological staging in oral squamous cell carcinoma - 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