{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:51:48Z","timestamp":1792097508519,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Massachusetts Medical Society","issue":"26","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["N Engl J Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,24]]},"DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa032158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,23]],"date-time":"2004-06-23T17:38:23Z","timestamp":1088012303000},"page":"2645-2653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3089,"title":["The Nature of Small-Airway Obstruction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.1056","volume":"350","author":[{"given":"James C.","family":"Hogg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraya","family":"Utokaparch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Mark","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Buzatu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruben M.","family":"Cherniack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank C.","family":"Sciurba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey O.","family":"Coxson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Par\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"150","reference":[{"key":"r001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.5.2101039","volume":"163","author":"Pauwels RA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"r003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1967.22.1.95","volume":"22","author":"Mead J","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"r004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196806202782501"},{"key":"r005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1983.55.6.1733","volume":"55","author":"Van Brabandt H","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"r006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.72.3.1016","volume":"72","author":"Yanai M","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"r007","unstructured":"Innate immunity. In: Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pober JS. Cellular and molecular immunology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2000:270-90."},{"key":"r008","unstructured":"Lymphocyte maturation and expression of antigen receptor genes. In: Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pober JS. Cellular and molecular immunology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2000:125-60."},{"key":"r009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI15217"},{"key":"r010","first-page":"75","volume":"31","author":"Simani AS","year":"1974","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"r011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)90493-6"},{"key":"r012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weibel ER. The morphometry of the human lung. New York: Academic Press, 1963:110-35.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-87553-3"},{"key":"r013","first-page":"989","volume":"129","author":"Wright JL","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"r014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.5.1220","volume":"148","author":"Kuwano K","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"r015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.49.5.473"},{"key":"r016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.6.1750"},{"key":"r017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa11798"},{"key":"r018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030287"},{"key":"r019","first-page":"289","volume":"60","author":"Movat HZ","year":"1955","journal-title":"AMA Arch Pathol"},{"key":"r020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.1.136"},{"key":"r021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/142.3.563"},{"key":"r022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.5.9154871","volume":"155","author":"Coxson HO","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"r023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.3.2007149","volume":"164","author":"Retamales I","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"r024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1981.tb01265.x"},{"key":"r025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dobson AJ. An introduction to generalized linear models. 2nd ed. New York: Chapman & Hall, 2002.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420057683"},{"key":"r026","unstructured":"Fisher LD, van Belle G. Biostatistics: a methodology for the health sciences. New York: John Wiley, 1993."},{"key":"r027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6504.1235"},{"key":"r028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.5.9701081","volume":"156","author":"Saetta M","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"r029","unstructured":"Fletcher C, Peto R, Tinker C, Speizer FE. The natural history of chronic bronchitis and emphysema: an eight-year study of early chronic obstructive lung disease in working men in London. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1976:93."},{"key":"r030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2112048"},{"key":"r031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.2.8564109","volume":"153","author":"Di Stefano A","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"r032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.3.9117016","volume":"155","author":"O'Shaughnessy TC","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"r033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.4_Pt_1.911","volume":"145","author":"Bosken CH","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"r034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.51.1.311"},{"key":"r035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1101-1004"},{"key":"r036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.336-363.2001"},{"key":"r037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1990.69.3.849","volume":"69","author":"Wiggs BR","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"r038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.6.8665038","volume":"153","author":"Tashkin DP","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"r039","first-page":"265","volume":"67","author":"Matsuba K","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"r040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.6.809"}],"container-title":["New England Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1056\/NEJMoa032158","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]],"date-time":"2020-04-02T10:28:07Z","timestamp":1585823287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1056\/NEJMoa032158"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,24]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"26","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1056\/NEJMoa032158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa032158","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.717963900.793465629","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-4793","1533-4406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-4793","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-4406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,24]]}}}