{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T11:54:51Z","timestamp":1791633291897,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Massachusetts Medical Society","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["N Engl J Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2022166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T17:02:00Z","timestamp":1614790920000},"page":"808-817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":312,"title":["A Randomized Trial of Albumin Infusions in Hospitalized Patients with Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1056","volume":"384","author":[{"given":"Louise","family":"China","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Freemantle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewan","family":"Forrest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiannis","family":"Kallis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Ryder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gavin","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Portal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Becares Salles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek W.","family":"Gilroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alastair","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute for Liver and Digestive Health (L.C., N.B.S., A.O.), the Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit (N.F.), and the Division of Medicine, University College London (D.W.G.), Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (Y.K.), London, the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and the University of Glagow, Glasgow (E.F.), the National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"150","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","article-title":"Burden of liver diseases in the world.","volume":"70","author":"Asrani SK","year":"2019","unstructured":"Asrani SK, Devarbhavi H, Eaton J, Kamath PS. Burden of liver diseases in the world. J Hepatol 2019;70:151-171.30266282","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"Public Health England. Liver disease: applying all our health. March 23 2020 (https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/liver-disease-applying-all-our-health\/liver-disease-applying-all-our-health#fn:1)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.19","article-title":"Bacterial infections change natural history of cirrhosis irrespective of liver disease severity.","volume":"112","author":"Dionigi E","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dionigi E, Garcovich M, Borzio M, et al. Bacterial infections change natural history of cirrhosis irrespective of liver disease severity. Am J Gastroenterol 2017;112:588-596.28220780","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.02.042","article-title":"Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis.","volume":"144","author":"Moreau R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moreau R, Jalan R, Gines P, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2013;144:1426-1437.23474284","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.01.032","article-title":"Decreasing mortality among patients hospitalized with cirrhosis in the United States from 2002 through 2010.","volume":"148","author":"Schmidt ML","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schmidt ML, Barritt AS, Orman ES, Hayashi PH. Decreasing mortality among patients hospitalized with cirrhosis in the United States from 2002 through 2010. Gastroenterology 2015;148(5):967-977.e2.25623044","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.06.013","article-title":"The PREDICT study uncovers three clinical courses of acutely decompensated cirrhosis that have distinct pathophysiology.","volume":"73","author":"Trebicka J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Trebicka J, Fernandez J, Papp M, et al. The PREDICT study uncovers three clinical courses of acutely decompensated cirrhosis that have distinct pathophysiology. J Hepatol 2020;73:842-854.32673741","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI101959","article-title":"The use of concentrated human serum albumin in the treatment of cirrhosis of the liver.","volume":"27","author":"Kunkel HG","year":"1948","unstructured":"Kunkel HG, Labby DH, Ahrens EH Jr, Shank RE, Hoagland CL. The use of concentrated human serum albumin in the treatment of cirrhosis of the liver. J Clin Invest 1948;27:305-319.18863918","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080532","article-title":"Peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis: a proposal for the initiation of renal sodium and water retention in cirrhosis.","volume":"8","author":"Schrier RW","year":"1988","unstructured":"Schrier RW, Arroyo V, Bernardi M, Epstein M, Henriksen JH, Rod\u00e9s J. Peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis: a proposal for the initiation of renal sodium and water retention in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1988;8:1151-1157.2971015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.024","article-title":"EASL clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis.","volume":"69","author":"European Association for the Study of the Liver","year":"2018","unstructured":"European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2018;69:406-460.29653741","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26359","article-title":"Introduction to the revised American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Practice Guideline: management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis 2012.","volume":"57","author":"Runyon BA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Runyon BA. Introduction to the revised American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Practice Guideline: management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis 2012. Hepatology 2013;57:1651-1653.23463403","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000735","article-title":"Albumin use in patients with cirrhosis in France: results of the \u201cALBU-LIVE\u201d survey: a case for better EASL guidelines diffusion and\/or revision.","volume":"51","author":"Garioud A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garioud A, Cadranel J-F, Pauwels A, et al. Albumin use in patients with cirrhosis in France: results of the \u201cALBU-LIVE\u201d survey: a case for better EASL guidelines diffusion and\/or revision. J Clin Gastroenterol 2017;51:831-838.28787354","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41395-018-0119-3","article-title":"The impact of albumin use on resolution of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.","volume":"113","author":"Bajaj JS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bajaj JS, Tandon P, O\u02bcLeary JG, et al. The impact of albumin use on resolution of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 2018;113:1339-1339.29880972","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.07.020","article-title":"Effects of intravenous albumin in patients with cirrhosis and episodic hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized double-blind study.","volume":"59","author":"Sim\u00f3n-Talero M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sim\u00f3n-Talero M, Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00ednez R, Torrens M, et al. Effects of intravenous albumin in patients with cirrhosis and episodic hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized double-blind study. J Hepatol 2013;59:1184-1192.23872605","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.10.031","article-title":"Immunomodulatory and antioxidant function of albumin stabilises the endothelium and improves survival in a rodent model of chronic liver failure.","volume":"62","author":"Garcia-Martinez R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Garcia-Martinez R, Andreola F, Mehta G, et al. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant function of albumin stabilises the endothelium and improves survival in a rodent model of chronic liver failure. J Hepatol 2015;62:799-806.25450713","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3516","article-title":"Immunosuppression in acutely decompensated cirrhosis is mediated by prostaglandin E2.","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019Brien AJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien AJ, Fullerton JN, Massey KA, et al. Immunosuppression in acutely decompensated cirrhosis is mediated by prostaglandin E2. Nat Med 2014;20:518-523.24728410","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30135","article-title":"Oxidized albumin triggers a cytokine storm in leukocytes through p38 MAP kinase: role in systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis.","volume":"68","author":"Alcaraz-Quiles J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alcaraz-Quiles J, Casulleras M, Oettl K, et al. Oxidized albumin triggers a cytokine storm in leukocytes through p38 MAP kinase: role in systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2018;68:1937-1952.30070728","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.03.021","article-title":"Effects of albumin treatment on systemic and portal hemodynamics and systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.","volume":"157","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez J, Cl\u00e0ria J, Amor\u00f3s A, et al. Effects of albumin treatment on systemic and portal hemodynamics and systemic inflammation in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2019;157:149-162.30905652","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25947","article-title":"Second infections independently increase mortality in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis: the North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease (NACSELD) experience.","volume":"56","author":"Bajaj JS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bajaj JS, O\u2019Leary JG, Reddy KR, et al. Second infections independently increase mortality in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis: the North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease (NACSELD) experience. Hepatology 2012;56:2328-2335.22806618","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.055","article-title":"Efficacy of albumin treatment for patients with cirrhosis and infections unrelated to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.","volume":"18","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez J, Angeli P, Trebicka J, et al. Efficacy of albumin treatment for patients with cirrhosis and infections unrelated to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;18(4):963-973.e14.31394283","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908053410603","article-title":"Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.","volume":"341","author":"Sort P","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sort P, Navasa M, Arroyo V, et al. Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-409.10432325","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.11.017","article-title":"Effect of albumin in cirrhotic patients with infection other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a randomized trial.","volume":"62","author":"Th\u00e9venot T","year":"2015","unstructured":"Th\u00e9venot T, Bureau C, Oberti F, et al. Effect of albumin in cirrhotic patients with infection other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a randomized trial. J Hepatol 2015;62:822-830.25463545","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","first-page":"CD013103","article-title":"Treatment for hepatorenal syndrome in people with decompensated liver cirrhosis: a network meta-analysis.","volume":"9","author":"Best LM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Best LM, Freeman SC, Sutton AJ, et al. Treatment for hepatorenal syndrome in people with decompensated liver cirrhosis: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019;9:CD013103-CD013103.31513287","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","first-page":"CD004039","article-title":"Plasma expanders for people with cirrhosis and large ascites treated with abdominal paracentesis.","volume":"6","author":"Simonetti RG","year":"2019","unstructured":"Simonetti RG, Perricone G, Nikolova D, Bjelakovic G, Gluud C. Plasma expanders for people with cirrhosis and large ascites treated with abdominal paracentesis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019;6:CD004039-CD004039.31251387","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30840-7","article-title":"Long-term albumin administration in decompensated cirrhosis (ANSWER): an open-label randomised trial.","volume":"391","author":"Caraceni P","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caraceni P, Riggio O, Angeli P, et al. Long-term albumin administration in decompensated cirrhosis (ANSWER): an open-label randomised trial. Lancet 2018;391:2417-2429.29861076","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.08.006","article-title":"Midodrine and albumin for prevention of complications in patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"69","author":"Sol\u00e0 E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sol\u00e0 E, Sol\u00e9 C, Sim\u00f3n-Talero M, et al. Midodrine and albumin for prevention of complications in patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Hepatol 2018;69:1250-1259.30138685","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e023754","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023754","article-title":"ATTIRE: Albumin To prevenT Infection in chronic liveR failurE: study protocol for an interventional randomised controlled trial.","volume":"8","author":"China L","year":"2018","unstructured":"China L, Skene SS, Bennett K, et al. ATTIRE: Albumin To prevenT Infection in chronic liveR failurE: study protocol for an interventional randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2018;8(10):e023754-e023754.30344180","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.09.012","article-title":"Administration of albumin solution increases serum levels of albumin in patients with chronic liver failure in a single-arm feasibility trial.","volume":"16","author":"China L","year":"2018","unstructured":"China L, Skene SS, Shabir Z, et al. Administration of albumin solution increases serum levels of albumin in patients with chronic liver failure in a single-arm feasibility trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018;16(5):748-755.e6.28911947","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1305727","article-title":"Albumin replacement in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.","volume":"370","author":"Caironi P","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caironi P, Tognoni G, Masson S, et al. Albumin replacement in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1412-1421.24635772","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.19.2554","article-title":"Composite outcomes in randomized trials: greater precision but with greater uncertainty?","volume":"289","author":"Freemantle N","year":"2003","unstructured":"Freemantle N, Calvert M, Wood J, Eastaugh J, Griffin C. Composite outcomes in randomized trials: greater precision but with greater uncertainty? JAMA 2003;289:2554-2559.12759327","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27941","article-title":"The empirical antibiotic treatment of nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial.","volume":"63","author":"Piano S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Piano S, Fasolato S, Salinas F, et al. The empirical antibiotic treatment of nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Hepatology 2016;63:1299-1309.26084406","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27077","article-title":"Survival in infection-related acute-on-chronic liver failure is defined by extrahepatic organ failures.","volume":"60","author":"Bajaj JS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bajaj JS, O\u2019Leary JG, Reddy KR, et al. Survival in infection-related acute-on-chronic liver failure is defined by extrahepatic organ failures. Hepatology 2014;60:250-256.24677131","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.019","article-title":"Infections in patients with cirrhosis increase mortality four-fold and should be used in determining prognosis.","volume":"139","author":"Arvaniti V","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arvaniti V, D\u2019Amico G, Fede G, et al. Infections in patients with cirrhosis increase mortality four-fold and should be used in determining prognosis. Gastroenterology 2010;139:1246-1256.20558165","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.06.013","article-title":"Albumin for bacterial infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: a randomized, controlled study.","volume":"57","author":"Guevara M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guevara M, Terra C, Nazar A, et al. Albumin for bacterial infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: a randomized, controlled study. J Hepatol 2012;57:759-765.22732511","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.11.007","article-title":"Albumin infusion improves outcomes of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.","volume":"11","author":"Salerno F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salerno F, Navickis RJ, Wilkes MM. Albumin infusion improves outcomes of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11(2):123-130.e1.23178229","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.11.012","article-title":"Role of albumin treatment in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.","volume":"10","author":"Poca M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poca M, Concepci\u00f3n M, Casas M, et al. Role of albumin treatment in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012;10:309-315.22094025","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.08.027","article-title":"Albumin counteracts immune-suppressive effects of lipid mediators in patients with advanced liver disease.","volume":"16","author":"China L","year":"2018","unstructured":"China L, Maini A, Skene SS, et al. Albumin counteracts immune-suppressive effects of lipid mediators in patients with advanced liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018;16(5):738-747.e7.28859868","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1412278","article-title":"Prednisolone or pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis.","volume":"372","author":"Thursz MR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thursz MR, Richardson P, Allison M, et al. Prednisolone or pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1619-1628.25901427","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["New England Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2022166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T20:36:50Z","timestamp":1711485410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2022166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1056\/NEJMoa2022166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa2022166","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.739666174.793589263","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.739666174.793584601","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.739666174.793583706","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.739666174.793588365","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.739666174.793585268","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-4793","1533-4406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-4793","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-4406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]}}}