{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:39:18Z","timestamp":1792096758323,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Massachusetts Medical Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nejmgroup.org\/legal\/terms-of-use.htm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006520","name":"Edwards Lifesciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006520","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["N Engl J Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2405880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T11:00:22Z","timestamp":1730113222000},"page":"217-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":313,"title":["Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement for Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1056","volume":"392","author":[{"given":"Philippe","family":"G\u00e9n\u00e9reux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Bradley","family":"Oldemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Pibarot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Blanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6879-5343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian R.","family":"Lindman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasilis","family":"Babaliaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William F.","family":"Fearon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David V.","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adnan K.","family":"Chhatriwalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clifford","family":"Kavinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemal","family":"Gada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinak","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Molly","family":"Szerlip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thom","family":"Dahle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kashish","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tej","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles J.","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raj R.","family":"Makkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanglu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca T.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathon","family":"Leipsic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Redfors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"Pocock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin B.","family":"Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From Gagnon Cardiovascular Institute, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ (P.G.); Columbia University Medical Center\/New York Presbyterian Hospital (A.S., R.T.H., M.B.L.), the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (D.J.C., R.T.H., B.R., M.B.L.), and Weill Cornell Medicine (B.R.), New York, and St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center, Roslyn (D.J.C.) \u2014 all in New York; University of Colorado Health, Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland (J.B.O.); Laval University, Quebec, QC (P.P.), St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (P.B., J.L.), and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (T.S.) \u2014 all in Canada; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (B.R.L., K.G.); Emory University, Atlanta (V.B.); the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford (W.F.F.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto (W.F.F.), California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (D.V.D.), Cedars\u2013Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (R.R.M.), and Edwards ..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"150","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001123"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.09.796"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab395"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90234-G"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.95.9.2262"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.07.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.909903"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.072"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912846"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae585"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2023.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200008313430903"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.894170"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.3152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx381"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.06.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.122.009712"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.08.1035"}],"container-title":["New England Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2405880","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T18:32:15Z","timestamp":1749666735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2405880"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1056\/NEJMoa2405880"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa2405880","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-4793","1533-4406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-4793","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-4406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]}}}