{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T10:05:03Z","timestamp":1780049103556,"version":"3.53.1"},"publisher-location":"London","reference-count":18,"publisher":"Palgrave Macmillan UK","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781349350452","type":"print"},{"value":"9781137032225","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"DOI":"10.1057\/9781137032225_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,21]],"date-time":"2016-05-21T17:57:50Z","timestamp":1463853470000},"page":"49-82","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The Accountability Principle in Data Protection Regulation: Origin, Development and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.1057","author":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"Alhadeff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Van Alsenoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos","family":"Dumortier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","volume-title":"Recommendation of the Council concerning Guidelines governing the protection of privacy and transborder flows of personal data","author":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)","year":"1980","unstructured":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), \u2018Recommendation of the Council concerning Guidelines governing the protection of privacy and transborder flows of personal data\u2019, 23 September 1980, available at http:\/\/www.oecd.org \/document\/18\/0,3343,en_2649_34255_1815186_1_1_1_1,00.html. Accessed 30 November 2010."},{"key":"4_CR2","volume-title":"Opinion 3\/2010 on the principle of accountability","author":"Article 29 Data Protection Working Party","year":"2010","unstructured":"Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, \u2018Opinion 3\/2010 on the principle of accountability\u2019, WP 173, 13 July 2010, 3, available at http:\/\/ec.europa.eu \/justice\/policies\/privacy\/docs\/wpdocs\/2010\/wp173_en.pdf. Accessed 8 February 2011)."},{"key":"4_CR3","volume-title":"Data protection accountability: the essential elements a document for discussion","author":"Centre for Information Policy Leadership (CIPL)","year":"2009","unstructured":"See, for example, Centre for Information Policy Leadership (CIPL), \u2018Data protection accountability: the essential elements a document for discussion,\u2019 The Galway Project, 5\u20136 October 2009, available at http:\/\/www.huntonfiles.com \/files\/webupload\/CIPL_Galway_Accountability_Paper.pdf. Accessed 20 November 2010;"},{"key":"4_CR4","volume-title":"A working paper by The Privacy Projects","author":"PM Schwartz","year":"2009","unstructured":"P.M. Schwartz, \u2018Managing global data privacy: cross-border information flows in a networked environment,\u2019 a working paper by The Privacy Projects, October 2009;"},{"key":"4_CR5","first-page":"134","volume-title":"Cloud Computing. First International Conference. CloudCom 2009","author":"Pearson and A. Charlesworth","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pearson and A. Charlesworth, \u2018Accountability as a way forward for privacy protection in the cloud\u2019 in Cloud Computing. First International Conference. CloudCom 2009, (eds) M. G. Jaatun, G. Zhao, and C. Rong ( New York: Springer, 2009 ), pp. 134\u201341."},{"key":"4_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-9498-9_16","volume-title":"Reinventing Data Protection?","author":"C Kuner","year":"2009","unstructured":"See, for example, C. Kuner, \u2018Developing an adequate legal framework for international data transfers,\u2019 in Reinventing Data Protection?, (eds) S. Gutwirth, Y. Poullet, P. De Hert, C. de Terwangne and S. Nouwt ( Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media, 2009 ), pp. 263\u201373."},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6210.2005.00434.x","volume":"65","author":"J Koppell","year":"2005","unstructured":"See for example, J. Koppell, \u2018Pathologies of accountability: icann and the challenge of \u201cmultiple accountabilities disorder\u201d,\u2019 Public Administration Review, vol. 65 (2005):, pp. 94\u20139;","journal-title":"Public Administration Review"},{"key":"4_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9299.00218","volume":"78","author":"R Mulgan","year":"2000","unstructured":"R. Mulgan, \u2018\u201cAccountability\u201d: an ever-expanding concept?,\u2019 Public Administration, 2000, vol. 78, pp. 555\u20136.","journal-title":"Public Administration"},{"key":"4_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-3682(93)E0003-Y","volume":"20","author":"A Sinclair","year":"1995","unstructured":"A. Sinclair, \u2018The chameleon of accountability: forms and discourses,\u2019 Accounting, Organizations and Society, 1995, vol. 20, p. 219;","journal-title":"Accounting, Organizations and Society"},{"key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0386.2007.00378.x","volume":"13","author":"M Bovens","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. Bovens, \u2018Analysing and assessing accountability: a conceptual framework,\u2019 European Law Journal, 2007, vol. 13, p. 448.","journal-title":"European Law Journal"},{"key":"4_CR11","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Seeking salvation for accountability","author":"MJ Dubnick","year":"2002","unstructured":"See M. J. Dubnick, \u2018Seeking salvation for accountability,\u2019 Paper prepared for delivery at the 2002 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, 29 August to 1 September 2002, Boston, pp. 1\u20132, available at http:\/\/mjdubnick.dubnick.net \/papers\/2002\/salv2002.pdf. Accessed 28 November 2010."},{"key":"4_CR12","unstructured":"A. Sinclair, \u2018The chameleon of accountability: forms and discourses,\u2019 p. 221. Such connotation typically results from the nature of the subject matter, which may involve one or more assumptions regarding the modalities or implications of accountability mechanisms. For instance, in computer science, accountability is used mainly in reference to auditability and\/or the use of non-repudiation mechanisms. (See also S. Pearson and A. Charlesworth, \u2018Accountability as a way forward for privacy protection,\u2019 p. 134 and"},{"key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1109\/DEST.2008.4635163","volume-title":"Second IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies","author":"P Malone","year":"2008","unstructured":"P. Malone and B. Jennings, \u2018Distributed accountability model for digital ecosystems\u2019 in Second IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (Phitsanulok: IEEE\/IET Electronic Library (IEL), VDE VERLAG Conference Proceedings 2008, pp. 452\u20133.) In this context accountability denotes that a system or protocol has been designed in such a way that relevant events can be reconstructed or that plausible deniability has been diminished. (See, e.g., G. Miklau, B. Levine and P. Stahlberg, \u2018Securing history: privacy and accountability in database systems\u2019 (paper presented at 3rd Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research (CIDR), Asilomar, California, USA, 7\u201310 January 2007, p. 387. Online Proceedings: www.crdrdb.org.) In other words, accountability is approximated to the availability of mechanisms which enable attribution of actions or events on a post facto basis. In psychology, accountability has been said to refer to the implicit or explicit expectation that one may be called on to justify one\u2019s beliefs, feelings, and actions to others. ("},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.125.2.255","volume":"125","author":"JS Lerner","year":"1999","unstructured":"J.S. Lerner and P.E. Tetlock, \u2018Accounting for the effects of accountability,\u2019 Psychological Bulletin 1999, vol. 125, p. 255. Here the focus lies on the impact of an accountability relationship on a subject\u2019s mental state rather than on the mechanisms which enable or otherwise support accountability.","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1515\/9781685854133","volume-title":"The Self-Restraining state: Power and Accountability in New Democracies","author":"A Schedler","year":"1999","unstructured":"See M. Bovens, \u2018Analysing and assessing accountability: a conceptual framework,\u2019 p. 451; R. Mulgan, \u2018\u201cAccountability\u201d: an ever-expanding concept?,\u2019 p. 556; A. Schedler, \u2018Conceptualizing accountability\u2019 in The Self-Restraining state: Power and Accountability in New Democracies, (eds) A. Schedler, L. J. Diamond and M. F. Plattner ( Boulder: Rienner, 1999, p. 16 )."},{"key":"4_CR16","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Administrative Politics in British Government","author":"A Gray","year":"1985","unstructured":"Office of the Auditor General of Manitoba, \u2018Mechanisms and practices for ensuring the accountability of legislative auditors,\u2019 p. 2, available at http:\/\/www.oag.mb.ca \/reports\/Mechanisms-and-Practices.pdf. Accessed 3 April 2011. See also A. Gray and W. I. Jenkins, Administrative Politics in British Government ( Sussex: Whitesheaf books, 1985 ),pp. 137\u20139. linking accountability to the concept of \u2018stewardship\u2019)."},{"key":"4_CR17","first-page":"63","volume-title":"25 Years Anniversary Anthology in Computers and Law","author":"KS Selmer","year":"1995","unstructured":"See also K. S. Selmer, \u2018Realising data protection\u2019 in 25 Years Anniversary Anthology in Computers and Law, (eds) J. Bing and O. Torvund (Oslo: TANO, 1995 ): p. 63."},{"key":"4_CR18","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Privacy and the Criminal Law","author":"P Hert De","year":"2006","unstructured":"P. De Hert and S. Gutwirth, \u2018Privacy, data protection and law enforcement. Opacity of the individual and transparency of power,\u2019 in, Privacy and the Criminal Law, (eds) E. Claes, A. Duff and S. Gutwirth ( Antwerpen\/Oxford: Intersentia, 2006 ), p. 77."}],"container-title":["Managing Privacy through Accountability"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1057\/9781137032225_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T11:02:06Z","timestamp":1656500526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1057\/9781137032225_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"ISBN":["9781349350452","9781137032225"],"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/9781137032225_4","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}