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Individuals are able to identify patterns embedded in data sets using visual cues such as color and shape, rather than directly searching through a vast volume of numbers. The visualization algorithm described in this paper utilizes a spherical self-organizing feature map (SOFM) to automatically cluster and develop a well-defined topology of arbitrary data vectors, based on a pre-defined measure of similarity, and generate a three-dimensional color-coded surface model that reflects cluster variations. Implementation of this self-organizing surface geometry for data visualization applications is illustrated by examining the graphical forms created for a small synthetic test data set and a large environmental data-base. The proposed methodology provides the researcher with a new tool to encode information into shape and easily transfer the geometric model to an immersive virtual reality (IVR) environment for interactive information analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ivs.9500015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,23]],"date-time":"2002-12-23T10:39:51Z","timestamp":1040639991000},"page":"111-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Representing High-Dimensional Data Sets as Closed Surfaces"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Archana","family":"Sangole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical &amp; Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George K.","family":"Knopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical &amp; Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Information Visualization: Perception for Design","author":"Ware C.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ware C. 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