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The core of our method is a new formal model of one type of perceptual structure, based on classical machine vision techniques for analyzing an image at multiple resolutions. The model takes as input an arbitrary grayscale image and returns a lattice structure describing the visual organization of the image. We show how this model captures several aspects of traditional design aesthetics, and we describe a software tool that implements the model to help designers analyze and refine visual displays. Our emphasis here is on demonstrating the model's potential as a design aid rather than as a description of human perception, but given its initial promise we propose a variety of ways in which the model could be extended and validated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ivs.9500070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,2]],"date-time":"2004-07-02T05:36:46Z","timestamp":1088746606000},"page":"123-133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Analyzing Perceptual Organization in Information Graphics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Wattenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Watson Research Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danyel","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, CA, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-palgrave.ivs.9500070","volume-title":"Information Visualization: Perception for Design","author":"Ware C.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr2-palgrave.ivs.9500070","volume-title":"The Elements of Graphing Data","author":"Cleveland W.","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr3-palgrave.ivs.9500070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mackinlay JD. 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