{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T15:44:23Z","timestamp":1781279063783,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A nonlinear model is applied to study pathologic vocal vibratory characteristics and voice treatments of Parkinson\u2019s disease. We find that a number of pathologic vocal characteristics commonly observed in Parkinson\u2019s disease, including reduced vibratory intensity, incomplete vocal closure, increased phonation threshold pressure, glottal tremor, subharmonics, and chaotic vocal fold vibrations, can be studied with this nonlinear model. We also find that two kinds of clinical voice treatments for Parkinson\u2019s disease, including respiratory effort treatment and Lee Silverman voice treatment can be studied with this computer model. Results suggest that respiratory effort treatment, in which subglottal pressure is increased, might aid in enhancing vibratory intensity, improving glottal closure, and avoiding vibratory irregularity. However, the Lee Silverman voice treatment, in which both subglottal pressure and vocal fold adduction are increased, might be better than respiratory effort treatment. Increasing vocal fold thickness would be further helpful to improve these pathologic characteristics. The model studies show consistencies with clinical observations. Computer models may be of value in understanding the dynamic mechanism of disordered voices and studying voice treatment effects in Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1916186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,19]],"date-time":"2005-09-19T22:17:16Z","timestamp":1127168236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Studying vocal fold vibrations in Parkinson\u2019s disease with a nonlinear model"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Medical School Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, , Madison, Wisconsin 53792-7375"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Medical School Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, , Madison, Wisconsin 53792-7375"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Douglas A.","family":"Rahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin Medical School Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, , Madison, Wisconsin 53792-7375"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023062219452479400_c1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1109\/TAU.1968.1161949","article-title":"Self-oscillating source for vocal-tract synthesizers","volume":"16","year":"1968","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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