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To counteract this problem, calcium ions are usually present at high concentrations throughout bodily fluids\u2014at concentrations exceeding the saturation point. This condition leads to the opposite situation where unwanted mineral sedimentation may occur. Remarkably, ectopic or out-of-place sedimentation into soft tissues is rare, in spite of the thermodynamic driving factors. This fortunate fact is due to the presence of auto-regulatory proteins that are found in abundance in bodily fluids. Yet, many important inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis and osteoarthritis are associated with this undesired calcification. Hence, it is important to gain an understanding of the regulatory process and the conditions under which it can go awry. In this manuscript, we extend mean-field continuum classical nucleation theory of the growth of clusters to encompass surface shielding. We use this formulation to study the regulation of sedimentation of calcium phosphate salts in biological tissues through the mechanism of post-nuclear shielding of nascent mineral particles by binding proteins. We develop a mathematical description of this phenomenon using a countable system of hyperbolic partial differential equations. A critical concentration of regulatory protein is identified as a function of the physical parameters that describe the system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4946002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,20]],"date-time":"2016-04-20T17:27:39Z","timestamp":1461173259000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Regulatory inhibition of biological tissue mineralization by calcium phosphate through post-nucleation shielding by fetuin-A"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Joshua C.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health 1 Clinical Center, , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA and Mathematical Biosciences Institute, , Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University 1 Clinical Center, , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA and Mathematical Biosciences Institute, , Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology 2 Department of Mathematical Sciences, , Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023070402145223300_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.09.014","volume":"68","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2023070402145223300_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsb.2013.11.009","volume":"185","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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