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To study this interface at the atomic scale, we extended an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) surface-science chamber with an apparatus that allows bringing a surface in contact with ultrapure liquid water without exposure to air. In this process, a sample, typically a single crystal prepared and characterized in UHV, is transferred into a separate, small chamber. This chamber already contains a volume of ultrapure water ice. The ice is at cryogenic temperature, which reduces its vapor pressure to the UHV range. Upon warming, the ice melts and forms a liquid droplet, which is deposited on the sample. In test experiments, a rutile TiO2(110) single crystal exposed to liquid water showed unprecedented surface purity, as established by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy. These results enabled us to separate the effect of pure water from the effect of low-level impurities present in the air. Other possible uses of the setup are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5046846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T15:17:17Z","timestamp":1535642237000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Apparatus for dosing liquid water in ultrahigh vacuum"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7101-1055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Balajka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien 1 , Wiedner Hauptstra\u00dfe 8-10\/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Pavelec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien 1 , Wiedner Hauptstra\u00dfe 8-10\/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2413-6220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mojmir","family":"Komora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien 1 , Wiedner Hauptstra\u00dfe 8-10\/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Central European Institute of Technology 2 , Purky\u0148ova 123, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic and , Technick\u00e1 2896\/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology 2 , Purky\u0148ova 123, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic and , Technick\u00e1 2896\/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-9357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien 1 , Wiedner Hauptstra\u00dfe 8-10\/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Diebold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien 1 , Wiedner Hauptstra\u00dfe 8-10\/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080501191102400_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5729(87)90001-x","volume":"7","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surf. 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