{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:03:25Z","timestamp":1789517005796,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"AIP Publishing","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011756","name":"Sherman Fairchild Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011756","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019883","name":"College of Wooster","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019883","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Geographic tongue or benign migratory glossitis is a condition of an unknown cause characterized by chronic lesions that slowly migrate across the surface of the tongue. The condition\u2019s characteristic wavefronts suggest that it can be modeled as a reaction\u2013diffusion system. Here, we present a model for geographic tongue pattern evolution using reaction\u2013diffusion equations applied to portions of spheroids and paraboloids that approximate a tongue shape. We demonstrate that the observed patterns of geographic tongue lesions can be explained by propagating reaction\u2013diffusion waves on these variably curved surfaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0020906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T17:20:27Z","timestamp":1614792027000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Geographic tongue as a reaction\u2013diffusion system"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1855-6432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret K.","family":"McGuire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, The College of Wooster 1 , Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA"},{"name":"Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, The College of Wooster 2 , Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7112-5562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chase A.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, The College of Wooster 1 , Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7370-8646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John F.","family":"Lindner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, The College of Wooster 1 , Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1483-915X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niklas","family":"Manz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, The College of Wooster 1 , Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023070318323911200_c1","volume-title":"Oscillations and Traveling Waves in Chemical Systems","year":"1985"},{"key":"2023070318323911200_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"Mathematical Biology","year":"1989","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-08539-4"},{"key":"2023070318323911200_c3","volume-title":"An Introduction to Nonlinear Chemical Dynamics: Oscillations, Waves, Patterns, and Chaos","year":"1998"},{"key":"2023070318323911200_c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"The Geometry of Biological Time","year":"2001","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3484-3"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023070318323911200_c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(91)90108-7","article-title":"The distribution of fungiform papillae and taste buds on the human tongue","volume":"36","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. 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