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Common clinical and nonclinical diagnostic testing methods have been partially effective in satisfying the increasing demand for fast detection point-of-care (POC) methods to slow down further spread. However, accurate point-of-risk diagnosis of this emerging viral infection is paramount as the need for simultaneous standard operating procedures and symptom management of SARS-CoV-2 will be the norm for years to come. A sensitive, cost-effective biosensor with mass production capability is crucial until a universal vaccination becomes available. Optical biosensors can provide a noninvasive, extremely sensitive rapid detection platform with sensitivity down to \u223c67 fg\/ml (1 fM) concentration in a few minutes. These biosensors can be manufactured on a mass scale (millions) to detect the COVID-19 viral load in nasal, saliva, urine, and serological samples, even if the infected person is asymptotic. Methods investigated here are the most advanced available platforms for biosensing optical devices that have resulted from the integration of state-of-the-art designs and materials. These approaches include, but are not limited to, integrated optical devices, plasmonic resonance, and emerging nanomaterial biosensors. The lab-on-chip platforms examined here are suitable not only for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection but also for other contagious virions such as influenza and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0022211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T14:45:51Z","timestamp":1631025951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Fast, accurate, point-of-care COVID-19 pandemic diagnosis enabled through advanced lab-on-chip optical biosensors: Opportunities and challenges"],"prefix":"10.1063","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2606-960X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aref","family":"Asghari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin 1 , Austin, Texas 78758, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin 1 , Austin, Texas 78758, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0928-6952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoung Min","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin 1 , Austin, Texas 78758, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Rostamian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin 1 , Austin, Texas 78758, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Omega Optics, Inc. 2 , 8500 Shoal Creek Blvd., Austin, Texas 78757, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1804-7523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong-Dug","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Omega Optics, Inc. 2 , 8500 Shoal Creek Blvd., Austin, Texas 78757, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9998-3830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Dalir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Omega Optics, Inc. 2 , 8500 Shoal Creek Blvd., Austin, Texas 78757, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9181-4266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ray T.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin 1 , Austin, Texas 78758, USA"},{"name":"Omega Optics, Inc. 2 , 8500 Shoal Creek Blvd., Austin, Texas 78757, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"317","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024031517163964100_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb2507","volume":"367","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024031517163964100_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd0826","volume":"369","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024031517163964100_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6383","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c03697","volume":"14","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2024031517163964100_c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabc8413","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abc8413","volume":"5","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. 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